Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'farmhouse'

English Word: farmhouse

Key Russian Translations:

• усадьба (/ʊˈsadʲbə/) - [Formal, typically used for rural estates or farmhouses]
• фермерский дом (/fʲɪrˈmʲɛrskʲɪj dom/) - [Informal, literal translation, used in everyday contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in literature and discussions about rural life, but not in daily urban conversations)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of basic noun declensions and vocabulary related to housing and agriculture)

Pronunciation (Russian):

усадьба: /ʊˈsadʲbə/ (The stress is on the second syllable; note the soft 'дʲ' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

фермерский дом: /fʲɪrˈmʲɛrskʲɪj dom/ (Pronounce with a soft 'фʲ' and stress on the second syllable of 'фермерский'. The word 'дом' is straightforward.)

Note on усадьба: This word has a palatalized 'дʲ', which may sound like a 'd' followed by a 'y' glide; practice with native speakers for accuracy.

Note on фермерский дом: As a compound phrase, emphasize the adjective 'фермерский' to maintain natural flow.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A rural house or estate associated with farming activities

Translation(s) & Context:

• усадьба - Used in formal or literary contexts to describe a traditional farmhouse or estate, often with historical connotations.
• фермерский дом - Applied in modern, everyday situations for a simple farmhouse on a working farm.

Usage Examples:

• Мы живём в старой усадьбе на краю деревни, где выращивают овощи.

  We live in an old farmhouse on the edge of the village, where they grow vegetables.

• Его фермерский дом окружён полями и скотным двором.

  His farmhouse is surrounded by fields and a livestock yard.

• В этой усадьбе сохранились традиции сельской жизни из прошлого века.

  In this farmhouse, traditions of rural life from the last century are preserved.

• Они переехали в новый фермерский дом, чтобы заниматься органическим земледелием.

  They moved to a new farmhouse to engage in organic farming.

• Усадьба была преобразована в музей, показывающий историю русской деревни.

  The farmhouse was converted into a museum showcasing the history of Russian villages.

Secondary Meaning: A metaphorical or extended use for a cozy, rural-style home

Translation(s) & Context:

• усадьба - In poetic or informal contexts, implying a charming, rustic retreat.

Usage Examples:

• Для неё усадьба в горах — это идеальное место для отдыха от городской суеты.

  For her, a farmhouse in the mountains is the perfect place to escape the city hustle.

• Фермерский дом в фильме символизировал простоту и гармонию с природой.

  The farmhouse in the movie symbolized simplicity and harmony with nature.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Усадьба" is a feminine noun (3rd declension), which undergoes regular inflection based on case and number. "Фермерский дом" is a phrase where "фермерский" is an adjective that agrees with "дом" (a masculine noun).

Note: "Усадьба" follows standard feminine patterns with no irregularities. "Фермерский" changes to agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • поместье (/pɐˈmʲesʲtʲjɛ/) - Often used for larger estates, with a more aristocratic connotation.
  • деревенский дом (/dʲɪrʲɪˈvʲɛnskʲɪj dom/) - A more general term for a village house, less specific to farming.
• Antonyms:
  • городская квартира (/ɡɐrɐdskəjə kvɐrˈtʲirə/) - Urban apartment, contrasting with rural settings.
  • высотный дом (/vɨˈsotnɨj dom/) - High-rise building, emphasizing modern urban life.

Related Phrases:

• Сельская усадьба - A rural farmhouse; used to describe homes in countryside settings with agricultural ties.
• Усадьба с садом - Farmhouse with a garden; implies a property that includes landscaping for leisure.
• Фермерский домик в горах - A small farmhouse in the mountains; often refers to vacation or remote properties.

Usage Notes:

Choose "усадьба" for more formal or historical contexts, as it carries connotations of traditional Russian rural life, whereas "фермерский дом" is more straightforward and modern. Be mindful of noun cases in Russian sentences; for example, use the genitive case when indicating possession, like "в усадьбе" (in the farmhouse). English speakers might confuse it with purely urban housing terms, but in Russian, it's tied to agricultural or pastoral themes. If the context involves nobility or heritage, "усадьба" is preferable.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "усадьба" in the wrong case, e.g., saying "Я иду усадьба" instead of "Я иду к усадьбе" (I am going to the farmhouse).

  Correct: Ensure the dative case is used after prepositions like "к" (to). Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English lacks, leading to confusion.

• Error: Treating "фермерский дом" as invariable, e.g., saying "в фермерский дом" without adjusting the adjective.

  Correct: It should be "в фермерском доме" in prepositional case. Explanation: Adjectives must agree with nouns in case, number, and gender.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "усадьба" often evokes images of 19th-century noble estates, as seen in literature by authors like Tolstoy or Chekhov. These farmhouses symbolize a connection to the land, family heritage, and sometimes the tensions between rural and urban life, reflecting Russia's agrarian history.

Related Concepts:

• ферма
• деревня
• сельская жизнь