Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'evince'

English Word: evince

Key Russian Translations:

• проявлять /prəˈjavlʲɪtʲ/ - [Formal, Verb]
• выказывать /vɨˈkazɨvətʲ/ - [Informal, Verb]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in written and formal spoken Russian, but not as everyday as basic verbs).

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and nuanced expressions, with "проявлять" being slightly more challenging due to its aspectual forms).

Pronunciation (Russian):

проявлять: /prəˈjavlʲɪtʲ/

выказывать: /vɨˈkazɨvətʲ/

Note on проявлять: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft sign (ʲ) which affects the pronunciation of the preceding consonant. This verb often has imperfective aspects that can vary slightly in rapid speech.

Note on выказывать: Pronunciation may soften in casual contexts, with the initial "в" sounding more like /v/ in some dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To show or demonstrate clearly (primary meaning of 'evince')

Translation(s) & Context:

• проявлять - Used in formal contexts, such as academic or professional writing, to indicate revealing qualities or emotions over time.
• выказывать - Applied in everyday conversations for showing feelings or evidence more immediately, often in informal settings.

Usage Examples:

• Он проявляет большой интерес к искусству. (He evinces great interest in art.)

  English: He shows great interest in art. (This example demonstrates the verb in a formal context, highlighting ongoing action.)

• Она выказывает своё разочарование через молчание. (She evinces her disappointment through silence.)

  English: She shows her disappointment through silence. (Here, it's used for immediate expression in interpersonal communication.)

• В его поведении проявляется усталость. (His behavior evinces fatigue.)

  English: His behavior shows fatigue. (Illustrates use in descriptive narratives.)

• Дети выказывают радость, когда видят снег. (Children evince joy when they see snow.)

  English: Children show joy when they see snow. (Shows application in simple, everyday scenarios.)

• Эта картина проявляет мастерство художника. (This painting evinces the artist's skill.)

  English: This painting demonstrates the artist's skill. (Emphasizes use in cultural or artistic discussions.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "проявлять" and "выказывать" are imperfective verbs in Russian, which means they describe ongoing or repeated actions. They follow standard first-conjugation patterns but have irregularities in certain forms. Below is a table for key inflections:

Note: These verbs do not have perfective counterparts in all contexts, but "проявить" can serve as the perfective for "проявлять." They are regular in most aspects but require attention to stem changes in past tenses.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • показывать (pokazyvat') - More general, often used interchangeably but less formal.
  • демонстрировать (demonstrirovat') - Emphasizes public display; suitable for formal contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • скрывать (skryvat') - To hide or conceal.
  • маскировать (maskirovat') - To disguise or mask.

Related Phrases:

• проявлять интерес (proyavlyat' interes) - To show interest; often used in professional or educational contexts.
• выказывать эмоции (vykazyvat' emotsii) - To express emotions; common in psychological discussions.
• проявить заботу (proyavit' zabotu) - To demonstrate care; a perfective form implying a one-time action.

Usage Notes:

"Проявлять" is the more precise translation for 'evince' in formal English-Russian contexts, as it conveys a gradual or inherent demonstration, similar to revealing character traits. Use "выказывать" for situations involving outward or immediate expressions. Both verbs are aspectually imperfective, so they pair well with ongoing actions; for completed actions, opt for their perfective counterparts like "проявить." In Russian, these verbs often require a direct object, and their usage can vary by register—avoid "выказывать" in highly formal writing. When choosing between translations, consider the context: 'evince' in legal or scientific texts aligns best with "проявлять."

Common Errors:

• Confusing aspect: Learners might use "проявлять" for a one-time event, saying "Я проявляю книгу" instead of "Я проявил книгу" (for a perfective action). Correct: Use the perfective "проявить" for completed demonstrations.

• Misplacing stress: Non-native speakers often stress the wrong syllable, e.g., pronouncing "проявлять" as /PRO-yavlyat'/ instead of /pro-YAV-lyat'/, which can make it sound unnatural. Explanation: Pay attention to IPA guides to maintain authenticity.

• Overusing in informal speech: Beginners might overuse "выказывать" in casual talk, where simpler synonyms like "показывать" are preferred, leading to stilted language.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, verbs like "проявлять" often appear in literature and philosophy to describe the revelation of one's true nature, as seen in works by Tolstoy or Dostoevsky. This reflects a cultural emphasis on introspection and the external manifestation of internal states, which can differ from more direct Anglo-Saxon expressions.

Related Concepts:

• демонстрация (demonstratsiya)
• выражение (vyrazhenie)
• скрытность (skrytnost')