Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'evaporate'

English Word: evaporate

Key Russian Translations:

• испаряться [ɪsˈparʲɪt͡sə] - [Informal, Reflexive Verb, Used in scientific or everyday contexts]
• испарить [ɪsˈparʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, Transitive Verb, Used when describing an action on an object]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, meteorological, and everyday discussions, but not as frequent as basic verbs in casual speech.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; involves understanding reflexive verbs for 'испаряться' and transitive forms for 'испарить', which require knowledge of Russian verb aspects and conjugations.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

испаряться: [ɪsˈparʲɪt͡sə]

испарить: [ɪsˈparʲɪtʲ]

Note on испаряться: This is a reflexive verb, so the soft 'r' sound (ʲ) can be challenging for English speakers; stress falls on the second syllable. Variations in fast speech may soften the 's' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To turn from liquid into vapor, especially through heat (Intransitive use)

Translation(s) & Context:

• испаряться - Used in contexts describing natural processes, such as in science or weather descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Вода испаряется на солнце, оставляя соль на поверхности.

  Water evaporates in the sun, leaving salt on the surface.

• Жидкость быстро испаряется в жаркую погоду.

  The liquid evaporates quickly in hot weather.

• Море испаряется, формируя облака в атмосфере.

  The sea evaporates, forming clouds in the atmosphere.

• Река испаряется летом, снижая уровень воды.

  The river evaporates in the summer, lowering the water level.

Meaning 2: To cause something to evaporate or to disappear gradually (Transitive use)

Translation(s) & Context:

• испарить - Used when an external force or action causes evaporation, such as in chemistry or metaphorical contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Химик смог испарить раствор, чтобы получить чистые кристаллы.

  The chemist was able to evaporate the solution to obtain pure crystals.

• Солнце испарило всю влагу с листьев деревьев.

  The sun evaporated all the moisture from the tree leaves.

• Ветер испарил лужи на дороге за считанные минуты.

  The wind evaporated the puddles on the road in a matter of minutes.

• Процесс испарил воду, превратив её в пар.

  The process evaporated the water, turning it into vapor.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are verbs, with 'испаряться' being reflexive (inperfective aspect) and 'испарить' being perfective. Russian verbs conjugate based on tense, aspect, person, and number. 'Испаряться' follows the pattern of first-conjugation verbs with a reflexive suffix '-ся', while 'испарить' is a perfective verb.

These verbs do not have irregular inflections but follow standard patterns; the reflexive '-ся' in 'испаряться' remains constant across forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • испариться (a perfective variant, similar to evaporate completely)
  • выветриться (to evaporate due to wind or exposure, often in informal contexts)
  • исходить паром (to give off steam, more descriptive)
• Antonyms:
  • конденсироваться (to condense, opposite process)
  • замерзать (to freeze, turning liquid to solid)

Related Phrases:

• Процесс испарения - (The process of evaporation; refers to the scientific concept of liquid turning to gas.)
• Испаряться под солнцем - (To evaporate under the sun; used in weather or environmental contexts.)
• Быстро испарить жидкость - (To evaporate liquid quickly; common in cooking or chemistry.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'испаряться' is typically used for intransitive actions (e.g., something evaporating on its own), while 'испарить' is for transitive ones (e.g., causing something to evaporate). Choose based on context: use the imperfective aspect for ongoing processes and perfective for completed actions. Be mindful of aspect in Russian, as it doesn't directly align with English tenses. This word is neutral in formality but more common in technical or scientific writing.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'испаряться' when a transitive verb is needed, e.g., saying "Я испаряюсь воду" instead of "Я испарил воду". Correct: "Я испарил воду" (I evaporated the water). Explanation: 'Испаряться' is reflexive and doesn't take a direct object; use 'испарить' for transitive contexts to avoid grammatical errors.

• Error: Confusing with similar verbs like 'выветриться', e.g., using it for wind-based evaporation when 'выветриться' is more precise. Correct: Use 'Ветер выветрил воду' instead of 'Ветер испарил воду' for better nuance. Explanation: 'Выветриться' implies drying out due to air, while 'испарить' focuses on vaporization.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and literature, evaporation is often metaphorically used in poetry or prose to describe fleeting emotions or memories, as in works by Pushkin. However, it doesn't carry strong cultural connotations beyond its scientific usage, unlike words tied to folklore.

Related Concepts:

• Конденсация
• Пар
• Испарение
• Атмосферное давление