Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'endurance'

English Word: endurance

Key Russian Translations:

• выносливость [vɨ.nɐˈslʲiv.əsʲtʲ] - [Formal, commonly used in contexts of physical or mental stamina]
• стойкость [stɐjˈkostʲ] - [Formal, often applied to emotional or psychological resilience]

Frequency: Medium (This word is encountered in everyday contexts like sports, literature, and personal development, but not as frequently as basic vocabulary.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate level per CEFR; requires understanding of abstract concepts and noun declensions. For 'выносливость', it's B1; for 'стойкость', it's also B1 due to similar grammatical features.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

выносливость: [vɨ.nɐˈslʲiv.əsʲtʲ]

Note on выносливость: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('slʲiv'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'л' sound. Pronounce it with a clear 'ы' vowel at the start.

стойкость: [stɐjˈkostʲ]

Note on стойкость: The 'ой' diphthong is pronounced like 'oy' in 'boy', and the stress is on the second syllable ('kostʲ'). Be mindful of the palatalized 'тʲ' at the end.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Physical or mental ability to withstand hardship or fatigue

Translation(s) & Context:

• выносливость - Used in athletic or endurance-related contexts, such as sports or training, to emphasize sustained effort.
• стойкость - Applied in scenarios involving emotional resilience, like overcoming challenges in daily life or historical narratives.

Usage Examples:

• Он продемонстрировал выдающуюся выносливость во время марафона, несмотря на жару.

  He demonstrated outstanding endurance during the marathon, despite the heat.

• Её выносливость в учёбе помогла ей сдать все экзамены на отлично.

  Her endurance in studying helped her pass all exams with flying colors.

• Солдаты проявили стойкость в битве, не отступая под вражеским огнём.

  The soldiers showed endurance in battle, not retreating under enemy fire.

• Физическая выносливость необходима для экстремальных видов спорта, таких как скалолазание.

  Physical endurance is necessary for extreme sports like rock climbing.

• Его стойкость перед трудностями вдохновила всю команду на дальнейшие усилия.

  His endurance in the face of difficulties inspired the whole team to keep going.

Meaning 2: Long-term persistence or durability

Translation(s) & Context:

• выносливость - In metaphorical contexts, such as describing the durability of materials or relationships.
• стойкость - Often used for enduring relationships or structures, emphasizing stability over time.

Usage Examples:

• Материал обладает высокой выносливостью к износу, что делает его идеальным для обуви.

  The material has high endurance against wear, making it ideal for shoes.

• В их браке проявилась удивительная стойкость, несмотря на все препятствия.

  Their marriage showed remarkable endurance despite all obstacles.

• Выносливость машины позволяет ей работать в экстремальных условиях.

  The endurance of the machine allows it to operate in extreme conditions.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'выносливость' and 'стойкость' are feminine nouns in Russian, following the standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They are invariable in plural forms in most contexts but change according to case in singular.

Note: These nouns do not have plural forms in standard usage for abstract concepts, making them relatively straightforward compared to verbs.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • терпение (terpenie) - More about patience, with a subtle difference in implying calm waiting rather than active endurance.
  • устойчивость (ustoychivost') - Emphasizes stability, often in physical or systemic contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • слабость (slabost') - Directly opposite, implying weakness or frailty.
  • уступчивость (ustupchivost') - Suggests yielding or lack of persistence.

Related Phrases:

• физическая выносливость - Physical endurance; used in fitness or sports contexts to describe bodily stamina.
• духовная стойкость - Mental or spiritual endurance; common in motivational or philosophical discussions.
• выносливость характера - Endurance of character; refers to personal resilience in facing life's challenges.

Usage Notes:

'Выносливость' directly corresponds to the physical aspect of 'endurance' in English, while 'стойкость' leans towards emotional or moral persistence. In Russian, these words are often used in formal writing or speech; avoid them in casual conversations where simpler terms like 'сила воли' (willpower) might suffice. Pay attention to case agreement when using in sentences, as Russian requires nouns to match the case of their modifiers. When choosing between translations, opt for 'выносливость' for tangible endurance and 'стойкость' for abstract resilience.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Confusing 'выносливость' with 'терпение' and using it interchangeably. Incorrect: Он имеет выносливость в ожидании (He has endurance in waiting). Correct: Он имеет терпение в ожидании. Explanation: 'Выносливость' implies sustained physical effort, not passive waiting.
• Mistake: Forgetting declension, e.g., using nominative in all cases. Incorrect: Я восхищаюсь выносливость его (I admire his endurance). Correct: Я восхищаюсь выносливостью его. Explanation: The genitive case is needed after 'его' to show possession.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'выносливость' and 'стойкость' are deeply tied to historical narratives, such as the endurance shown during World War II or the Great Patriotic War. These words evoke themes of national resilience and are often celebrated in literature and media, reflecting Russia's history of overcoming adversity.

Related Concepts:

• сила (sila) - Strength
• терпимость (terpimost') - Tolerance
• устойчивость (ustoychivost') - Stability