Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'encephalitis'

English Word: encephalitis

Key Russian Translations:

• энцефалит /ɛn.t͡sɛ.fɐˈlʲit/ - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized to medical and scientific contexts, rarely used in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1-C2; Requires knowledge of medical terminology and Russian noun declensions, suitable for learners with a strong background in both languages.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

энцефалит: /ɛn.t͡sɛ.fɐˈlʲit/

Note on энцефалит: The stress falls on the third syllable ("li"), which is common in Russian loanwords from Greek/Latin. Pay attention to the palatalized 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Variations may occur in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Inflammation of the brain tissue, often caused by infection or autoimmune response.

Translation(s) & Context:

• энцефалит - Used in formal medical discussions, such as in hospitals or research papers, to describe acute brain inflammation.

Usage Examples:

• Врач диагностировал у пациента энцефалит после анализа симптомов.

  The doctor diagnosed the patient with encephalitis after analyzing the symptoms.

• Энцефалит может быть вызван вирусами, такими как клещевой энцефалит.

  Encephalitis can be caused by viruses, such as tick-borne encephalitis.

• Лечение энцефалита требует немедленной госпитализации и антивирусной терапии.

  Treating encephalitis requires immediate hospitalization and antiviral therapy.

• В некоторых регионах России энцефалит распространяется через укусы насекомых.

  In some regions of Russia, encephalitis is spread through insect bites.

• Исследования показывают, что вакцинация предотвращает энцефалит у путешественников.

  Studies show that vaccination prevents encephalitis in travelers.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Энцефалит" is a masculine noun (from Greek origin) and follows the standard third declension pattern in Russian. It is inflected based on case and number. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This noun does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward once the basic declension rules are learned.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • менингит (meningitis) - Often used in related contexts but specifically for inflammation of the meninges; differs as it doesn't always involve brain tissue.
  • воспаление мозга (vospaleniye mozga) - A more general term for brain inflammation, used in less technical discussions.
• Antonyms: Not directly applicable, as this is a medical condition rather than a descriptive adjective. However, terms like "здоровье мозга" (health of the brain) could imply the opposite in context.

Related Phrases:

• Вирусный энцефалит - Viral encephalitis; Used in discussions about infectious diseases.
• Клещевой энцефалит - Tick-borne encephalitis; Common in regions with high tick populations, such as Siberia.
• Лечение энцефалита - Treatment of encephalitis; Refers to medical interventions for the condition.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "энцефалит" directly corresponds to the English "encephalitis" as a medical term, but it is primarily used in formal, professional settings like healthcare or academia. English speakers should note that Russian medical terminology often retains loanwords from Greek/Latin, so pronunciation and inflection follow Russian phonological rules. When choosing translations, prefer "энцефалит" for precision in scientific contexts; avoid casual equivalents unless explaining to non-experts. Grammatically, always decline the noun based on its role in the sentence to maintain correctness.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "энцефалит" without proper declension, e.g., saying "у пациента энцефалит" instead of "у пациента энцефалит" (correct as is in nominative, but incorrect in other cases like "о энцефалите" instead of "об энцефалите").

  Correct: "Об энцефалите нужно знать симптомы." (About encephalitis, one needs to know the symptoms.)

  Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; failing to do so can confuse the sentence structure.

• Error: Confusing it with "менингит" and using them interchangeably.

  Correct: Use "энцефалит" specifically for brain inflammation, not meninges.

  Explanation: These are distinct conditions; misusing them can lead to inaccuracies in medical communication.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, terms like "энцефалит" are particularly relevant due to regional health concerns, such as tick-borne encephalitis in forested areas. This reflects broader cultural emphasis on preventive medicine in rural and outdoor activities, where vaccination campaigns are common. Understanding such terms can help English speakers appreciate the intersection of geography and public health in Russian society.

Related Concepts:

• менингит (meningitis)
• инсульт (stroke)
• нейродегенеративные заболевания (neurodegenerative diseases)