Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'enactment'

English Word: enactment

Key Russian Translations:

• Принятие (/prʲɪˈnʲatʲɪjə/) - [Formal, Legal context]
• Осуществление (/ɐˈsuʂːɪstvəlʲɪnʲjə/) - [Formal, General or performative context]

Frequency: Medium - The word and its translations are commonly used in legal, administrative, and theatrical discussions, but not in everyday casual conversation.

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) - Requires understanding of Russian noun declensions and formal vocabulary; for "принятие", it may be slightly easier, while "осуществление" could reach C1 due to its abstract nature.

Pronunciation (Russian):

Принятие: /prʲɪˈnʲatʲɪjə/

Note on Принятие: The stress is on the third syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'n' sound, which is common in Russian but may challenge English speakers.

Осуществление: /ɐˈsuʂːɪstvəlʲɪnʲjə/

Note on Осуществление: This word has a rolled 'r' and a soft 'sh' sound; practice the multiple consonants for better fluency.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The act of making a law or decree official (Legal context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Принятие - Used in formal legal or governmental settings, such as parliamentary procedures.

Usage Examples:

• Законопроект был принят парламентом без изменений.

  The bill was enacted by parliament without changes.

• Принятие нового указа вызвало общественные дебаты.

  The enactment of the new decree sparked public debates.

• После принятия закона о налогах, бизнес-сектор столкнулся с новыми вызовами.

  After the enactment of the tax law, the business sector faced new challenges.

• Правительство ускорило процесс принятия реформ.

  The government expedited the enactment of reforms.

Meaning 2: The act of performing or putting something into action (Performative or general context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Осуществление - Applied in contexts like theater, implementation of plans, or execution of ideas.

Usage Examples:

• Осуществление пьесы на сцене требует тщательной подготовки.

  The enactment of the play on stage requires thorough preparation.

• Его осуществление идей в проекте принесло успех компании.

  The enactment of his ideas in the project brought success to the company.

• Осуществление плана развития прошло гладко, несмотря на препятствия.

  The enactment of the development plan went smoothly despite obstacles.

• В театре мы наблюдали за осуществлением классической трагедии.

  In the theater, we watched the enactment of a classical tragedy.

• Осуществление контракта зависело от timely approvals.

  The enactment of the contract depended on timely approvals.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "принятие" and "осуществление" are neuter nouns in Russian, following standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They are regular but can vary by case and number.

Note: These nouns do not change in gender but must agree in case with other elements in the sentence.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Введение (Vvedenie) - Introduction or implementation, often used interchangeably in legal contexts.
  • Реализация (Realizatsiya) - Similar to "осуществление" but with a focus on practical execution.
• Antonyms:
  • Отмена (Otmena) - Repeal or cancellation.
  • Прекращение (Prekraschenie) - Termination or cessation.

Related Phrases:

• Принятие закона - The enactment of a law; used in legislative discussions.
• Осуществление проекта - The enactment of a project; refers to putting plans into action.
• Формальное принятие мер - Formal enactment of measures; common in policy contexts.

Usage Notes:

"Enactment" corresponds closely to "принятие" in legal scenarios and "осуществление" in performative ones. Always consider the context: use "принятие" for official processes like laws, as it carries a formal tone. In Russian, these words often require specific case agreements, e.g., in genitive for possession. When choosing between translations, opt for "принятие" in bureaucratic settings and "осуществление" for broader implementation. Avoid literal translations in creative writing to ensure natural flow.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "принятие" in non-legal contexts, e.g., saying "принятие пьесы" instead of "осуществление пьесы".

  Correct: Осуществление пьесы (The enactment of the play). Explanation: "Принятие" implies official adoption, not performance.

• Error: Incorrect declension, e.g., using nominative "принятие" in a genitive phrase like "процесс принятия".

  Correct: Процесс принятия (The process of enactment). Explanation: Always decline based on sentence structure to maintain grammatical agreement.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "enactment" in legal terms, such as "принятие закона", often reflects the historical influence of Soviet-era bureaucracy, where laws were frequently enacted to enforce state policies. This can carry connotations of authority and rigidity, differing from more flexible Western systems.

Related Concepts:

• Закон (Zakon) - Law
• Реформа (Reforma) - Reform
• Исполнение (Ispolnenie) - Execution or performance