Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'dishevelled'

English Word: dishevelled

Key Russian Translations:

• растрепанный (/rəstrʲɪˈpanːɨj/) - [Informal; commonly used for hair or clothing in everyday contexts]
• непричёсанный (/nʲɪprʲɪˈt͡ɕɵsənɨj/) - [Informal; specifically for uncombed or unkempt hair]
• в беспорядке (/v bʲɪˈspərʲɐdkʲɛ/) - [Neutral; more general for anything in disarray, including appearance]

Frequency: Medium - This word and its translations are encountered in everyday Russian conversations, literature, and media, but not as frequently as basic descriptors like "красивый" (beautiful).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) - Involves understanding adjective inflections and contextual usage; for "растрепанный", it's straightforward, but for others like "непричёсанный", learners may need familiarity with Russian adjective agreements.

Pronunciation (Russian):

растрепанный: /rəstrʲɪˈpanːɨj/

непричёсанный: /nʲɪprʲɪˈt͡ɕɵsənɨj/ - Note the soft 'ч' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers; it's similar to the 'ch' in "church" but softer.

в беспорядке: /v bʲɪˈspərʲɐdkʲɛ/ - Emphasize the stress on the third syllable; common in spoken Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: In a disordered or untidy state, typically referring to hair, clothing, or overall appearance.

Translation(s) & Context:

• растрепанный - Used in informal, everyday situations to describe someone looking messy after physical activity or bad weather.
• непричёсанный - Applied in contexts focusing on hair specifically, often with a humorous or casual tone.
• в беспорядке - More versatile, used for broader descriptions, such as a room or person in disarray.

Usage Examples:

• После прогулки по лесу его волосы были растрепанными, и он выглядел как настоящий авантюрист.

  After the walk in the forest, his hair was dishevelled, and he looked like a real adventurer.

• Она вышла из дома непричёсанной, но это только добавило ей шарма.

  She left the house with her hair dishevelled, but it only added to her charm.

• Его одежда была в беспорядке после долгого дня работы.

  His clothes were dishevelled after a long day of work.

• Дети вернулись с пляжа растрепанными и полными песка.

  The children returned from the beach dishevelled and full of sand.

• Ветер сделал её прическу непричёсанной, но она не беспокоилась.

  The wind made her hairstyle dishevelled, but she didn't mind.

Meaning 2: Figuratively, implying a lack of composure or organization in behavior or thoughts (less common).

Translation(s) & Context:

• в беспорядке - Used metaphorically in formal or literary contexts to describe mental or emotional states.

Usage Examples:

• Его мысли были в беспорядке после новости.

  His thoughts were dishevelled after the news.

• Растрепанный вид оратора говорил о его нервозности.

  The speaker's dishevelled appearance indicated his nervousness.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are primarily adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. "Растрепанный" and "непричёсанный" follow standard adjective patterns, while "в беспорядке" is a phrase and remains unchanged.

Note: These adjectives change endings to agree with the noun they modify, following regular patterns in Russian grammar.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • взъерошенный (vzʲerəˈʂɛnnɨj) - Similar but often implies more agitation or wind-blown appearance.
  • неаккуратный (nʲɪɐkʊˈratnɨj) - Broader, meaning untidy in general.
• Antonyms:
  • аккуратный (ɐkʊˈratnɨj)
  • причёсанный (prʲɪˈt͡ɕɵsənɨj)

Related Phrases:

• Растрепанные волосы - Dishevelled hair; used to describe unkempt appearance in casual conversations.
• В беспорядке одетый - Dressed in disarray; implies a sloppy outfit in social contexts.
• Непричёсанный вид - Dishevelled look; often in humorous or descriptive writing.

Usage Notes:

"Dishevelled" corresponds most directly to "растрепанный" in informal Russian, but choose based on context: use "непричёсанный" for hair-specific descriptions and "в беспорядке" for broader untidiness. Be mindful of adjective agreement with nouns (e.g., gender and case). In formal writing, opt for more neutral phrases to avoid sounding too casual.

• Avoid direct word-for-word translations; Russian often emphasizes the noun, e.g., "растрепанные волосы" instead of just the adjective.
• In spoken Russian, these words carry a light-hearted or empathetic tone, unlike in English where "dishevelled" might sound more neutral.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "растрепанный" without proper inflection, e.g., saying "растрепанный женщина" instead of "растрепанная женщина".
  Correct: Ensure agreement, as in "растрепанная женщина". Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender, number, and case.
• Error: Confusing with "расстроенный" (upset), which sounds similar but means emotionally distressed.
  Correct: Use "растрепанный" for physical appearance. Explanation: Pay attention to pronunciation and context to avoid mix-ups.
• Error: Overusing in formal contexts.
  Correct: In business or official Russian, prefer "в беспорядке" or rephrase. Explanation: "Растрепанный" can sound too informal for professional settings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "растрепанный" often appear in literature (e.g., in works by Chekhov) to depict rustic or carefree characters, reflecting a romanticized view of imperfection. This contrasts with English usage, where it might imply negligence rather than charm.

Related Concepts:

• взъерошенный
• неаккуратный
• причёсанный