Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Disband'

English Word: Disband

Key Russian Translations:

• расформировать [rɐsfɐrˈmʲirəvətʲ] - [Formal, Often used in military or organizational contexts]
• распустить [rɐsˈpuʲsʲtʲɪtʲ] - [Neutral, Can refer to dissolving groups or assemblies]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

расформировать: [rɐsfɐrˈmʲirəvətʲ]

Note on расформировать: Stress falls on the third syllable, and the 'р' sounds are rolled, which may be challenging for non-native speakers.

распустить: [rɐsˈpuʲsʲtʲɪtʲ]

Note on распустить: Stress is on the second syllable; pay attention to the soft 'сʲ' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To dissolve or break up an organization or group (e.g., military unit, committee)

Translation(s) & Context:

• расформировать - Commonly used in formal or official contexts, especially for military units or structured organizations.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство решило расформировать военную базу.

  The government decided to disband the military base.

• Комитет был расформирован после завершения проекта.

  The committee was disbanded after the completion of the project.

• Они расформировали отряд из-за нехватки ресурсов.

  They disbanded the squad due to a lack of resources.

2. To dismiss or dissolve a group informally (e.g., a band, a crowd)

Translation(s) & Context:

• распустить - Used in less formal contexts, can apply to dissolving informal groups or even letting go of discipline.

Usage Examples:

• Группа распустилась после ухода лидера.

  The band disbanded after the leader left.

• Директор распустил собрание раньше времени.

  The director disbanded the meeting earlier than planned.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

расформировать (Verb, Perfective): This verb follows regular conjugation patterns for perfective verbs in Russian. It is often used in past or future tense to indicate a completed action.

распустить (Verb, Perfective): Similar to расформировать, this verb is perfective and follows regular conjugation rules. It can also mean "to let go" or "to loosen" in other contexts.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• разогнать (to disperse, often used for crowds)
• ликвидировать (to liquidate, more formal and final)

Note: While разогнать is often used for crowds, ликвидировать implies a more permanent or legal dissolution.

Antonyms:

• сформировать (to form)
• собрать (to assemble)

Related Phrases:

• расформировать подразделение - To disband a unit (often military or organizational).
• распустить слухи - To spread rumors (a different usage of распустить, unrelated to disbanding).

Usage Notes:

• While both "расформировать" and "распустить" can translate to "disband," the former is more formal and often tied to structured entities like military units or committees. Use "распустить" for less formal or temporary groups like bands or meetings.
• Be mindful of the perfective aspect of both verbs, as they imply a completed action. For ongoing or incomplete actions, you might need imperfective equivalents like "расформировывать" (less common).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "распустить" in formal military contexts. Incorrect: "Армию распустили." Correct: "Армию расформировали." (Explanation: "распустить" sounds too casual for such a context.)
• Error: Misusing verb aspects by combining with inappropriate time expressions. Incorrect: "Я сейчас расформирую команду." Correct: Use an imperfective or rephrase to indicate intent.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, the concept of disbanding, especially in military or political contexts, often carries historical weight due to the Soviet era's frequent restructuring of organizations. The term "расформировать" might evoke associations with such historical events, so it can sound particularly formal or serious.

Related Concepts:

• реорганизация (reorganization)
• расформирование (disbandment, noun form)
• ликвидация (liquidation)