Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Diarrhoea'

English Word: Diarrhoea

Key Russian Translations:

• диарея [dʲɪɐˈrʲeɪə] - [Formal, Medical]
• понос [pɐˈnos] - [Informal, Common]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner-Intermediate) for "понос"; B1 (Intermediate) for "диарея"

Pronunciation (Russian):

диарея: [dʲɪɐˈrʲeɪə]

Note on диарея: Stress falls on the third syllable. The 'r' sound is rolled slightly, typical of Russian pronunciation.

понос: [pɐˈnos]

Note on понос: Stress on the second syllable. The 'o' sounds like the 'o' in "pot" in unstressed positions.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Medical Condition (Digestive Disorder)

Translation(s) & Context:

• диарея - Used in formal, medical, or scientific contexts to describe the condition.
• понос - Common in everyday speech to refer to the same condition, less formal.

Usage Examples:

• У ребёнка сильная диарея после еды.

  The child has severe diarrhoea after eating.

• Врач сказал, что диарея может быть вызвана инфекцией.

  The doctor said that diarrhoea could be caused by an infection.

• У меня понос, я не могу выйти из дома.

  I have diarrhoea; I can’t leave the house.

• Понос начался утром, и я чувствую слабость.

  The diarrhoea started in the morning, and I feel weak.

• Если понос не проходит, нужно обратиться к врачу.

  If the diarrhoea doesn’t stop, you need to see a doctor.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

диарея (feminine noun): Follows the standard declension for feminine nouns ending in -я.

понос (masculine noun): Follows the standard declension for masculine nouns ending in a consonant.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for диарея/понос:

• расстройство желудка (upset stomach, more general)

Antonyms for диарея/понос:

• запор (constipation)

Related Phrases:

• страдать от поноса - To suffer from diarrhoea.
• лечить диарею - To treat diarrhoea (formal/medical context).
• понос из-за еды - Diarrhoea caused by food.

Usage Notes:

• "диарея" is the formal and medical term, often used by doctors or in written contexts. It is less common in casual conversation.
• "понос" is the everyday term most Russians use to describe diarrhoea. It is informal but not rude and is widely understood.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between these translations. Using "диарея" in casual speech might sound overly technical or awkward.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misusing "диарея" in informal settings. Example: Saying "У меня диарея" to a friend might sound odd or overly formal. Correct Usage: Use "У меня понос" instead in casual conversation.
• Error: Incorrect stress in pronunciation. Example: Pronouncing "понос" as [ˈpɐnos] instead of [pɐˈnos]. Correct Usage: Stress the second syllable.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussing health issues like diarrhoea is generally considered personal but not taboo. However, it is more common to use the informal "понос" unless in a medical setting. Russians may also associate diarrhoea with food poisoning or travel, often using phrases like "понос из-за еды" (diarrhoea from food) to explain the cause.

Related Concepts:

• запор (constipation)
• расстройство желудка (stomach upset)
• отравление (poisoning)