Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Delirious'

English Word: Delirious

Key Russian Translations:

• бредовый [brʲɪˈdovɨj] - [Formal, Often used in medical or psychological contexts]
• безумный [bʲɪˈzumnɨj] - [Informal, Figurative for extreme excitement or irrational behavior]

Frequency: Medium (used in specific contexts like medical discussions or figurative speech)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for "бредовый"; B1 (Beginner-Intermediate) for "безумный"

Pronunciation (Russian):

бредовый: [brʲɪˈdovɨj]

Note on бредовый: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'р' sound is rolled, typical in Russian.

безумный: [bʲɪˈzumnɨj]

Note on безумный: Stress on the second syllable. The soft 'з' sound is palatalized.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. In a state of delirium (medical or psychological)

Translation(s) & Context:

• бредовый - Used in clinical or formal contexts to describe a delirious state due to fever or mental disturbance.

Usage Examples:

• У пациента бредовое состояние из-за высокой температуры.

  The patient is in a delirious state due to a high fever.

• Его бредовые мысли пугают окружающих.

  His delirious thoughts frighten those around him.

• Она бормотала что-то бредовое во сне.

  She mumbled something delirious in her sleep.

2. Extremely excited or irrationally happy (figurative)

Translation(s) & Context:

• безумный - Used colloquially to describe wild excitement or irrational behavior.

Usage Examples:

• Он был безумно счастлив после победы.

  He was deliriously happy after the victory.

• Толпа была безумной от восторга.

  The crowd was delirious with excitement.

• Её безумная идея всех удивила.

  Her delirious idea surprised everyone.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

бредовый (Adjective): Follows standard Russian adjective declension rules based on gender, number, and case.

безумный (Adjective): Also follows standard adjective declension, similar to "бредовый".

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for бредовый:

• лихорадочный (feverish, delirious)
• невменяемый (incoherent, delirious)

Note: "лихорадочный" is more tied to physical fever, while "невменяемый" implies a loss of mental clarity.

Synonyms for безумный:

• сумасшедший (crazy, mad)
• неистовый (frantic, wild)

Antonyms for безумный:

• спокойный (calm)
• рассудительный (sensible)

Related Phrases:

• бредовое состояние - A delirious state (often medical).
• безумная радость - Delirious joy (extreme happiness).
• безумный восторг - Delirious excitement (overwhelming enthusiasm).

Usage Notes:

• "бредовый" is primarily used in formal or medical contexts to describe a state of delirium caused by illness or mental disturbance. It is less common in everyday speech.
• "безумный" is more versatile and often used figuratively to express extreme emotions like joy or excitement. It can also mean "crazy" or "insane" in other contexts, so tone and context matter.
• Choosing between the two depends on whether the context is literal (medical) or figurative (emotional).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "безумный" in a medical context. Incorrect: У него безумное состояние из-за лихорадки. Correct: У него бредовое состояние из-за лихорадки. Explanation: "безумный" implies figurative madness or excitement, not a clinical delirious state.
• Error: Using "бредовый" to describe happiness. Incorrect: Я бредовый от счастья. Correct: Я безумно счастлив. Explanation: "бредовый" is tied to negative or clinical connotations, not positive emotions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, describing someone as "безумный" in a positive context (e.g., "безумно счастлив") is common and often seen as an intense compliment. However, in negative contexts, it can be offensive, implying irrationality or instability. Context and tone are crucial in Russian communication.

Related Concepts:

• сумасшествие (madness)
• лихорадка (fever)
• восторг (ecstasy, delight)