Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'damper'

English Word: damper

Key Russian Translations:

• демпфер [ˈdʲɛmpfʲɪr] - [Technical, Formal]
• амортизатор [ɐmərtʲɪˈzatər] - [Technical, Commonly used for shock absorbers]
• глушитель [ɡlʊˈʂɨtʲɪlʲ] - [Specific to sound or vibration damping]

Frequency: Medium (used in technical and specific contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for all translations due to technical nature

Pronunciation (Russian):

демпфер: [ˈdʲɛmpfʲɪr]

Note on демпфер: Stress is on the first syllable; the 'р' sound is rolled slightly.

амортизатор: [ɐmərtʲɪˈzatər]

Note on амортизатор: Stress falls on the fourth syllable; common in automotive contexts.

глушитель: [ɡlʊˈʂɨtʲɪlʲ]

Note on глушитель: Stress on the second syllable; often refers to a silencer or muffler.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A device that reduces vibration or shock (technical context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• демпфер - Used in engineering to refer to a damping device.
• амортизатор - Commonly refers to shock absorbers in vehicles.

Usage Examples:

• Этот демпфер снижает вибрацию машины.

  This damper reduces the machine's vibration.

• Амортизаторы на автомобиле нужно заменить.

  The shock absorbers on the car need to be replaced.

• Без демпфера оборудование быстро изнашивается.

  Without a damper, the equipment wears out quickly.

2. A device that reduces sound or noise (specific context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• глушитель - Refers to a silencer or muffler, often for engines or firearms.

Usage Examples:

• Глушитель на мотоцикле сломался.

  The muffler on the motorcycle broke.

• Этот глушитель эффективно снижает шум.

  This silencer effectively reduces noise.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

демпфер (noun, masculine):

Note: Similar declension patterns apply to амортизатор and глушитель, both masculine nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for демпфер:

• амортизатор (in specific contexts)
• поглотитель (vibration absorber, less common)

Note: 'амортизатор' often implies a physical shock absorber, while 'демпфер' can be more abstract or technical.

Antonyms:

• No direct antonyms, as 'damper' implies reduction or control.

Related Phrases:

• гидравлический демпфер - Hydraulic damper (used in technical contexts).
• амортизатор удара - Shock absorber (common in automotive language).
• глушитель звука - Sound silencer (used for noise reduction devices).

Usage Notes:

• The choice between 'демпфер' and 'амортизатор' depends on the context: 'демпфер' is more general and technical, while 'амортизатор' is specific to shock absorption, especially in vehicles.
• 'глушитель' should be used only when referring to sound or noise damping, such as a muffler or silencer.
• These terms are rarely used in casual conversation and are mostly confined to technical or specialized fields.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'глушитель' to refer to a vibration damper. Incorrect: "Глушитель вибрации". Correct: "Демпфер вибрации". Explanation: 'глушитель' is specific to sound or noise, not physical vibration.
• Error: Confusing 'демпфер' with 'амортизатор' in non-automotive contexts. Incorrect: "Амортизатор в музыкальном инструменте". Correct: "Демпфер в музыкальном инструменте". Explanation: 'амортизатор' is tied to physical shock absorption, not general damping.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, technical terms like 'демпфер' and 'амортизатор' are often borrowed or adapted from other languages (e.g., German or English), reflecting the influence of industrial and engineering advancements in the 20th century. These terms are mostly used by professionals or in specific industries, and may not be familiar to the average speaker unless they are discussing cars or machinery.

Related Concepts:

• вибрация (vibration)
• шум (noise)
• поглощение (absorption)