Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Cutlery'

English Word: Cutlery

Key Russian Translations:

• столовые приборы [ˈstoləvɨjə prʲɪˈborɨ] - [Plural, Formal/Neutral]
• приборы [prʲɪˈborɨ] - [Plural, Informal/Shortened]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday and formal contexts)

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner-Intermediate for both translations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

столовые приборы: [ˈstoləvɨjə prʲɪˈborɨ]

Note on столовые приборы: Stress falls on the first syllable of "столовые" and the second syllable of "приборы".

приборы: [prʲɪˈborɨ]

Note on приборы: Stress on the second syllable; often used as a shorter, more casual alternative.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. General Term for Eating Utensils (e.g., forks, knives, spoons)

Translation(s) & Context:

• столовые приборы - Commonly used in formal or neutral contexts to refer to a set of utensils for eating.
• приборы - A shorter, more informal variant, often used in casual conversation.

Usage Examples:

• Пожалуйста, положите столовые приборы на стол.

  Please put the cutlery on the table.

• У нас не хватает приборов для гостей.

  We don’t have enough cutlery for the guests.

• Где я могу найти чистые столовые приборы?

  Where can I find clean cutlery?

• Эти приборы сделаны из серебра.

  This cutlery is made of silver.

• Приборы уже на столе, можно начинать ужин.

  The cutlery is already on the table; we can start dinner.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

столовые приборы (Plural Noun Phrase): As a compound phrase, "столовые" (adjective) agrees with "приборы" (noun) in number, gender, and case. "Приборы" is the main noun and follows standard masculine plural declension.

приборы (Plural Noun): A standalone masculine noun following the same declension pattern as above for "приборы".

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• столовые принадлежности (more formal, broader term including other tableware)

Antonyms:

• (No direct antonyms; concept not applicable)

Related Phrases:

• набор столовых приборов - A set of cutlery (used when referring to a complete collection).
• чистые приборы - Clean cutlery (common in household contexts).
• одноразовые приборы - Disposable cutlery (used for plastic or temporary utensils).

Usage Notes:

• "столовые приборы" is the full, more formal term and is preferred in written language or polite conversation.
• "приборы" is a shorter, more casual form often used in spoken Russian, but it can sometimes be ambiguous as it also means "devices" or "instruments" in other contexts. Context usually clarifies the meaning.
• Both terms are almost always used in the plural form since cutlery refers to a set of items.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "прибор" in the singular to mean a single piece of cutlery. Incorrect: "Дай мне прибор" (Give me a cutlery). Correct: Use specific terms like "вилка" (fork), "нож" (knife), or "ложка" (spoon).
• Error: Confusing "приборы" (cutlery) with "приборы" (devices/appliances). Ensure the context (e.g., dining) is clear to avoid misunderstanding.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the use of cutlery follows European dining etiquette, with forks, knives, and spoons being standard. However, in traditional or rural settings, bread may be torn by hand rather than cut with a knife, reflecting cultural nuances in dining habits.

Related Concepts:

• вилка (fork)
• нож (knife)
• ложка (spoon)
• посуда (dishes/tableware)