Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'curve'

English Word: curve

Key Russian Translations:

• кривая [krʲɪˈvaja] - [Noun, Feminine, Often used for geometric or abstract curves]
• изгиб [ɪzˈɡʲip] - [Noun, Masculine, Often used for physical bends or curves]
• поворот [pəvɐˈrot] - [Noun, Masculine, Often used for turns or curves in a path]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in various contexts, especially in technical and everyday language)

Difficulty: A2-B1 (Beginner to Intermediate, depending on context and specific translation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

кривая: [krʲɪˈvaja]

Note on кривая: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'r' is rolled slightly, typical of Russian pronunciation.

изгиб: [ɪzˈɡʲip]

Note on изгиб: Stress on the second syllable. The 'g' is softened due to the following 'i' sound.

поворот: [pəvɐˈrot]

Note on поворот: Stress on the last syllable. The 'o' sounds are reduced in unstressed positions.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Geometric or Abstract Curve (e.g., in mathematics or graphs)

Translation(s) & Context:

• кривая - Primarily used in mathematical, scientific, or abstract contexts (e.g., "curve on a graph").

Usage Examples:

• График показывает плавную кривую роста.

  The graph shows a smooth curve of growth.

• Эта кривая описывает траекторию движения.

  This curve describes the trajectory of movement.

• Кривая спроса резко пошла вверх.

  The demand curve sharply went up.

2. Physical Bend or Curve (e.g., in a road or object)

Translation(s) & Context:

• изгиб - Refers to a physical bend or curvature, often in objects or natural forms.
• поворот - Used for a curve or turn in a path, road, or direction.

Usage Examples:

• Изгиб реки был виден издалека.

  The curve of the river was visible from afar.

• Дорога делает резкий поворот направо.

  The road makes a sharp curve to the right.

• Этот изгиб металла выглядит естественно.

  This curve in the metal looks natural.

• На этом повороте нужно сбавить скорость.

  You need to slow down at this curve.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

кривая (Noun, Feminine):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	кривая	кривые
Genitive	кривой	кривых
Dative	кривой	кривым
Accusative	кривую	кривые
Instrumental	кривой	кривыми
Prepositional	кривой	кривых

изгиб (Noun, Masculine) and поворот (Noun, Masculine): Follow standard masculine noun declension patterns. Detailed tables can be provided upon request.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for кривая:

• дуга (arc, often used in geometry)
• линия (line, in some abstract contexts)

Synonyms for изгиб:

• сгиб (bend, more colloquial)
• извилина (curve or twist, often figurative)

Synonyms for поворот:

• загиб (turn or bend, often physical)
• изворот (twist or turn, often figurative)

Antonyms: Generally, antonyms like "прямая" (straight line) apply to all translations in relevant contexts.

Related Phrases:

• кривая линия - "curved line" (used in geometry or descriptions)
• изгиб тела - "curve of the body" (used for physical descriptions)
• резкий поворот - "sharp curve/turn" (used for roads or sudden changes)
• кривая спроса - "demand curve" (economic term)

Usage Notes:

• The choice between "кривая," "изгиб," and "поворот" depends heavily on context. "Кривая" is more abstract or technical, "изгиб" refers to physical curvature, and "поворот" implies a directional turn or bend.
• In conversational Russian, "поворот" is frequently used when discussing roads or paths, while "изгиб" might appear in descriptive or poetic language.
• Be cautious with "кривая," as it can also mean "crooked" or "wrong" in certain contexts (e.g., "кривая дорога" can imply a poorly made road).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "кривая" for physical curves like a river bend. Wrong: "кривая реки" (sounds unnatural). Correct: "изгиб реки" (curve of the river). Explanation: "Кривая" is more suited for abstract or geometric contexts, not natural physical forms.
• Error: Confusing "поворот" with "изгиб" for non-directional curves. Wrong: "поворот тела" (sounds odd). Correct: "изгиб тела" (curve of the body). Explanation: "Поворот" implies a turn or change in direction, not a static curve.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, the word "кривая" can carry a negative connotation in certain contexts, such as implying something is "crooked" or "incorrect" (e.g., "кривая улыбка" - a crooked smile). Understanding these nuances is important for accurate usage, especially in descriptive or emotional contexts.

Related Concepts:

• дуга (arc)
• прямая (straight line)
• траектория (trajectory)