Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'crystalline'

English Word: crystalline

Key Russian Translations:

• кристаллический [kri.stalʲ.ˈlʲi.t͡ɕɪ.skʲɪj] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in scientific, technical, or geological contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation).

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective declension and vocabulary related to physical sciences).

Pronunciation (Russian):

кристаллический: [kri.stalʲ.ˈlʲi.t͡ɕɪ.skʲɪj]

Note on кристаллический: The stress is on the fourth syllable ("ли"), and the "щ" sound (as in [t͡ɕ]) can be challenging for non-native speakers. Pronounce it with a soft "л" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to or having the structure and form of a crystal, often describing clarity, transparency, or geometric arrangement.

Translation(s) & Context:

• кристаллический - Used in formal or scientific contexts to describe substances with a crystalline structure, such as minerals or snowflakes.

Usage Examples:

• Кристаллический снег искрился на солнце.

  The crystalline snow sparkled in the sun.

• Этот минерал имеет кристаллическую структуру, что делает его идеальным для ювелирных изделий.

  This mineral has a crystalline structure, making it ideal for jewelry.

• В химии кристаллические вещества часто образуют регулярные геометрические формы.

  In chemistry, crystalline substances often form regular geometric shapes.

• Кристаллический кварц используется в оптических приборах из-за своей прозрачности.

  Crystalline quartz is used in optical devices due to its transparency.

• Под микроскопом видно, как кристаллические образования растут в растворе.

  Under the microscope, you can see how crystalline formations grow in the solution.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

кристаллический is an adjective in Russian, which means it inflects based on gender, number, and case. It follows the standard pattern for first-declension adjectives (short adjectives may exist in some contexts, but this is primarily long-form). Below is a table showing its inflections:

Note: This adjective does not have irregular forms, but ensure agreement with the noun it modifies.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • кристаллизованный (crystallized; used for processes, with a slight nuance of having undergone crystallization)
  • хрустальный (crystal-like, often implying transparency or glass-like quality; more poetic or everyday)
• Antonyms:
  • аморфный (amorphous; lacking a defined structure)
  • неупорядоченный (disordered; in scientific contexts)

Related Phrases:

• кристаллическая структура - Refers to the atomic arrangement in solids, often in geology or chemistry.
• кристаллический осадок - Describes crystalline sediment in scientific contexts, such as in water treatment.
• кристаллические образования - Used for crystal formations in nature or experiments.

Usage Notes:

кристаллический directly corresponds to the English "crystalline" in scientific and technical contexts, emphasizing a structured, geometric form. It is primarily used in formal settings like academia or industry, and always agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. For example, choose кристаллический for adjectives describing physical properties, but opt for synonyms like хрустальный if a more metaphorical or everyday tone is needed. Be cautious with word order in Russian sentences, as adjectives typically precede the noun.

Common Errors:

• English learners often forget to decline the adjective properly. For instance, using "кристаллический" with a feminine noun without changing it to "кристаллическая," e.g., incorrect: "кристаллический река" (should be "кристаллическая река" for "crystalline river"). Correct usage: Ensure gender agreement.

• Mixing up with similar words like "кристаллизованный," which implies a process of crystallization, not just the state. Incorrect example: Using "кристаллизованный" to describe a naturally crystalline mineral; correct: Use "кристаллический" for inherent structure.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and science, words like кристаллический are prominent in discussions of natural phenomena, such as in literature by authors like Tolstoy, who might describe crystalline snow in poetic terms, or in modern contexts like gemology. It reflects Russia's rich tradition in mineralogy and crystallography, with historical ties to figures like Mendeleev, emphasizing precision and natural beauty.

Related Concepts:

• кристалл (crystal)
• минерал (mineral)
• структура (structure)