Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Crop'

English Word: crop

Key Russian Translations:

• урожай [ʊrɐˈʐaj] - [General, Agriculture]
• культура [kʊlʲˈturə] - [Agricultural Crop Type, Formal]
• стрижка [ˈstrʲiʂkə] - [Haircut or Trimming, Informal]

Frequency: Medium (especially in agricultural contexts for "урожай" and "культура"; lower for "стрижка")

Difficulty: A2-B1 (Beginner-Intermediate for "урожай"; B2 for "культура" due to broader meanings; A2 for "стрижка")

Pronunciation (Russian):

урожай: [ʊrɐˈʐaj]

Note on урожай: Stress on the second syllable; the "ж" sound is a voiced retroflex fricative, unique to Russian.

культура: [kʊlʲˈturə]

Note on культура: Stress on the second syllable; soft "л" sound due to palatalization.

стрижка: [ˈstrʲiʂkə]

Note on стрижка: Stress on the first syllable; "щ" is a soft, prolonged "sh" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Agricultural Yield or Harvest

Translation(s) & Context:

• урожай - Used for the result of farming or harvest (e.g., a good/bad crop).

Usage Examples:

• В этом году у нас отличный урожай пшеницы.

  This year, we have an excellent wheat crop.

• Урожай пострадал из-за засухи.

  The crop suffered due to the drought.

• Фермеры собрали урожай раньше срока.

  The farmers harvested the crop ahead of schedule.

2. Type of Plant Grown for Harvest

Translation(s) & Context:

• культура - Refers to a specific type of cultivated plant (e.g., grain crops).

Usage Examples:

• Пшеница — важная сельскохозяйственная культура.

  Wheat is an important agricultural crop.

• Эти культуры требуют много воды.

  These crops require a lot of water.

• Мы выращиваем разные культуры на этом поле.

  We grow different crops in this field.

3. To Cut or Trim (e.g., Hair or Image)

Translation(s) & Context:

• стрижка - Used for cutting hair or trimming something short.

Usage Examples:

• Мне нужна стрижка перед свадьбой.

  I need a haircut before the wedding.

• Она сделала короткую стрижку.

  She got a short crop (haircut).

Russian Forms/Inflections:

урожай (Masculine Noun)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	урожай	урожаи
Genitive	урожая	урожаев
Dative	урожаю	урожаям
Accusative	урожай	урожаи
Instrumental	урожаем	урожаями
Prepositional	урожае	урожаях

культура (Feminine Noun)

Declines regularly as a feminine noun ending in -а. Plural form: культуры.

стрижка (Feminine Noun)

Declines regularly as a feminine noun ending in -а. Plural form: стрижки.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for урожай:

• сбор
• плоды (figurative)

Note: "сбор" emphasizes the act of gathering, while "плоды" is often metaphorical.

Antonyms for урожай:

• неурожай (poor harvest)

Related Phrases:

• хороший урожай - A good harvest.
• собирать урожай - To gather/harvest the crop.
• сельскохозяйственная культура - Agricultural crop.
• модная стрижка - A trendy haircut.

Usage Notes:

• "урожай" is the most direct translation for "crop" in the sense of harvest and is widely used in agricultural contexts.
• "культура" refers to the type of crop rather than the yield and can also mean "culture" in a broader sense (e.g., arts), so context is key.
• "стрижка" is unrelated to agriculture and is used for cutting hair or trimming; ensure the context is clear when translating "crop" as a verb.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "культура" to mean harvest yield. Wrong: "У нас хорошая культура в этом году." Correct: "У нас хороший урожай в этом году." (We have a good harvest this year.)
• Error: Confusing "стрижка" with agricultural terms. Wrong: "стрижка пшеницы." Correct: "урожай пшеницы" (wheat crop).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "урожай" is deeply tied to agricultural traditions, and harvest festivals (e.g., "Дожинки") celebrate the crop yield. Discussions about "урожай" often carry emotional weight in rural communities.

Related Concepts:

• земледелие (agriculture)
• фермерство (farming)
• поле (field)