Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'crease'

English Word: crease

Key Russian Translations:

• складка [ˈsklɑtkə] - [Formal, Informal, Often used for fabric or paper]
• морщина [mɐrˈʂːinə] - [Formal, Informal, Used for wrinkles on skin]
• залом [zɐˈlom] - [Informal, Often used for a sharp fold or damage]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: A2-B1 (Beginner to Intermediate, depending on context)

Pronunciation (Russian):

складка: [ˈsklɑtkə]

Note on складка: Stress falls on the first syllable. The 'д' is pronounced softly.

морщина: [mɐrˈʂːinə]

Note on морщина: Stress on the second syllable. The 'щ' sound is a distinct Russian sound, similar to 'shch'.

залом: [zɐˈlom]

Note on залом: Stress on the second syllable. Simple and clear pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A line or mark made by folding (e.g., on paper or fabric)

Translation(s) & Context:

• складка - Commonly used for intentional or unintentional folds in fabric or paper.
• залом - Refers to a sharp or damaged fold, often negative connotation.

Usage Examples:

• На рубашке появилась складка после глажки.

  A crease appeared on the shirt after ironing.

• Не делай залом на странице книги!

  Don't make a crease on the book page!

• Складка на брюках должна быть идеальной.

  The crease on the trousers should be perfect.

2. A wrinkle on the skin (e.g., due to age or expression)

Translation(s) & Context:

• морщина - Specifically refers to wrinkles on the face or skin, often related to aging or emotion.

Usage Examples:

• У неё появились морщины от смеха.

  She got creases from laughing.

• Морщины на лбу выдают его возраст.

  The creases on his forehead reveal his age.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

складка (noun, feminine):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	складка	складки
Genitive	складки	складок
Dative	складке	складкам
Accusative	складку	складки
Instrumental	складкой	складками
Prepositional	складке	складках

морщина (noun, feminine): Follows similar declension patterns as 'складка'.

залом (noun, masculine): Follows standard masculine noun declension with a stem change in plural forms (заломы).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for складка:

• загиб
• сгиб

Note: 'загиб' often implies a bent edge, while 'сгиб' is more general for a bend or fold.

Synonyms for морщина:

• борозда

Antonyms: None directly applicable for physical creases or wrinkles.

Related Phrases:

• гладить складки - Smooth out creases (used for ironing clothes).
• морщины смеха - Laugh lines (creases from smiling or laughing).
• залом бумаги - Crease in paper (often with a negative connotation of damage).

Usage Notes:

• The choice between 'складка' and 'залом' depends on the context and tone. 'складка' is neutral or positive (e.g., intentional crease in trousers), while 'залом' often implies an unwanted or sharp fold.
• 'морщина' is strictly for skin wrinkles and cannot be used for fabric or paper.
• Be mindful of grammatical gender when using these nouns in sentences (e.g., 'складка' and 'морщина' are feminine, 'залом' is masculine).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'морщина' for a crease in fabric or paper. Incorrect: На рубашке морщина. Correct: На рубашке складка. Explanation: 'морщина' is exclusively for skin wrinkles.
• Error: Misplacing stress in pronunciation (e.g., stressing the wrong syllable in 'складка'). Explanation: Stress is critical in Russian; incorrect stress can make the word sound unnatural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'морщина' (wrinkles) often carries emotional or poetic connotations, especially in literature, where wrinkles might symbolize wisdom or life experience. Discussing wrinkles directly in conversation, however, can be sensitive as it relates to aging.

Related Concepts:

• гладкость (smoothness)
• изгиб (bend)
• старение (aging)