Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'chronobiology'

English Word: chronobiology

Key Russian Translations:

• хронобиология [xrənəbʲɪləɡʲɪjə] - [Formal]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and primarily used in scientific, academic, or medical contexts, not in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1) (Requires familiarity with scientific terminology and Russian morphology; suitable for advanced learners with a background in biology.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

хронобиология: [xrənəbʲɪləɡʲɪjə]

Note on хронобиология: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('био'). Be mindful of the soft sign (ʲ) in "бʲ", which indicates palatalization—a common challenge for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly by regional dialect in Russia.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The study of biological rhythms and their effects on living organisms.

Translation(s) & Context:

• хронобиология - Used in formal scientific discussions, such as research papers or lectures on biology, to refer to the interdisciplinary field examining circadian rhythms and other biological cycles.

Usage Examples:

• Хронобиология изучает, как циркадные ритмы влияют на поведение животных.

  Chronobiology studies how circadian rhythms affect animal behavior.

• В хронобиологии особое внимание уделяется влиянию света на человеческий сон.

  In chronobiology, special attention is given to the influence of light on human sleep.

• Исследования в области хронобиологии помогли объяснить сезонные депрессии.

  Studies in chronobiology have helped explain seasonal depressions.

• Хронобиология применяется в медицине для оптимизации лечения по биологическим часам.

  Chronobiology is applied in medicine to optimize treatment according to biological clocks.

• Современная хронобиология сочетает генетику и нейробиологию для анализа ритмов жизни.

  Modern chronobiology combines genetics and neurobiology to analyze life rhythms.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

хронобиология is a feminine noun (feminine gender in Russian) and follows the standard patterns for first-declension nouns. It is invariable in form for most uses but changes according to case and number in sentences. Below is a table outlining its basic inflections:

Note: The plural forms are less common, as this term is often used in singular to refer to the field as a whole. It does not have irregular inflections.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • биоритмология (biorhythmology) - Similar but more focused on general life rhythms; used interchangeably in some contexts but less precise.
  • циркадная биология (circadian biology) - Emphasizes daily cycles; often a subset of хронобиология.
• Antonyms:
  • ахронная биология (achronous biology) - A hypothetical or less common term referring to biology without rhythmic patterns; not frequently used.

Related Phrases:

• биологические часы (biological clocks) - Refers to internal timing mechanisms in organisms; commonly used in discussions of chronobiology.
• циркадные ритмы (circadian rhythms) - Daily biological cycles; a key concept in хронобиология, often paired with it in scientific texts.
• хронобиологический анализ (chronobiological analysis) - Involves studying rhythms through data; used in research contexts to denote detailed examinations.

Usage Notes:

хронобиология directly corresponds to the English term "chronobiology" and is used exclusively in formal, academic, or scientific settings. English speakers should note that Russian scientific vocabulary often incorporates Greek and Latin roots, similar to English, making it somewhat intuitive. However, always use the full term in formal writing; abbreviations like "хроноб." are rare. When discussing applications, pair it with related phrases like "биологические часы" for clarity. If multiple translations exist, choose хронобиология for precision in biological contexts, as alternatives may imply slight variations in focus.

Common Errors:

• Common Error: Misusing the case, e.g., saying "изучает хронобиология" instead of "хронобиология изучает" (incorrect word order or case in a sentence).

  Correct Usage: Хронобиология изучает биологические ритмы. (Explanation: In Russian, the subject typically precedes the verb, and cases must agree; this error often stems from direct English-to-Russian translation.)

• Common Error: Overgeneralizing to everyday language, e.g., using it in casual conversation as if it were a common word.

  Correct Usage: Reserve it for professional contexts; for general discussions, use simpler terms like "биологические ритмы." (Explanation: This avoids sounding overly technical and confusing listeners.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, хронобиология gained prominence through Soviet-era research on human performance and space travel, such as studies on cosmonauts' biological rhythms. This reflects a cultural emphasis on scientific advancement and practical applications, often linking biology to national achievements in exploration and medicine.

Related Concepts:

• биология (biology)
• нейробиология (neurobiology)
• генетика (genetics)