Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Confirmation'

English Word: confirmation

Key Russian Translations:

• подтверждение [pɐdtˈvʲerʐdʲenʲɪje] - [Formal, Neutral]
• утверждение [ʊtvʲɪrˈʐdʲenʲɪje] - [Formal, Often used in legal or official contexts]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

подтверждение: [pɐdtˈvʲerʐdʲenʲɪje]

Note on подтверждение: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'ж' sound is a voiced retroflex fricative, which may be challenging for non-native speakers.

утверждение: [ʊtvʲɪrˈʐdʲenʲɪje]

Note on утверждение: Stress falls on the third syllable. Similar pronunciation challenges with 'ж' as in подтверждение.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Act of confirming or verifying something

Translation(s) & Context:

• подтверждение - Used when verifying information, receipt, or agreement (e.g., email confirmation, booking confirmation).

Usage Examples:

• Я получил подтверждение бронирования отеля.

  I received a hotel booking confirmation.

• Пожалуйста, отправьте подтверждение по электронной почте.

  Please send a confirmation via email.

• Без подтверждения мы не можем продолжить процесс.

  Without confirmation, we cannot proceed with the process.

2. Approval or official agreement

Translation(s) & Context:

• утверждение - Used in formal contexts for approval or endorsement (e.g., confirmation of a decision or rule).

Usage Examples:

• Утверждение нового закона заняло несколько месяцев.

  The confirmation of the new law took several months.

• Совет директоров дал утверждение на проект.

  The board of directors gave confirmation for the project.

• Это требует утверждения на высшем уровне.

  This requires confirmation at the highest level.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

подтверждение (neuter noun):

утверждение (neuter noun): Follows similar declension patterns as подтверждение.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for подтверждение:

• доказательство (proof)
• свидетельство (evidence)

Note: "доказательство" is more commonly used for tangible evidence, while "подтверждение" is broader and includes verbal or written confirmation.

Antonyms for подтверждение:

• опровержение (refutation)
• отрицание (denial)

Related Phrases:

• получить подтверждение - to receive confirmation
• дать утверждение - to give approval/confirmation
• требовать подтверждения - to require confirmation

Usage Notes:

• "подтверждение" is the more versatile and commonly used term for general confirmation, such as confirming a booking or information.
• "утверждение" is more specific to formal approval or official endorsement, often used in legal, administrative, or organizational contexts.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between these translations, as using "утверждение" in a casual setting may sound overly formal.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "утверждение" when referring to a simple confirmation like an email receipt. Example: *Я получил утверждение по электронной почте* (incorrect).
  Correction: Use "подтверждение" instead: *Я получил подтверждение по электронной почте* (correct).
  Explanation: "утверждение" implies formal approval, not a routine confirmation.
• Error: Incorrect case usage after prepositions. Example: *Без подтверждение* (incorrect).
  Correction: Use genitive case: *Без подтверждения* (correct).
  Explanation: Russian nouns change form based on grammatical case after certain prepositions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, formal confirmations (утверждение) are often required in bureaucratic or official settings. Written or documented confirmation (подтверждение) is highly valued in both personal and professional interactions, reflecting a cultural emphasis on clarity and accountability.

Related Concepts:

• согласие (agreement)
• разрешение (permission)
• одобрение (approval)