Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'comatose'

English Word: comatose

Key Russian Translations:

• коматозный [kɐˈmatəznɨj] - [Formal, Medical context]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and primarily used in medical or professional discussions, not everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical vocabulary and basic Russian adjective inflections.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

коматозный: [kɐˈmatəznɨj]

Note on коматозный: The stress falls on the third syllable ("ma"), which is a common challenge for English speakers. Pronounce the "ы" sound as a high back unrounded vowel, similar to the "i" in "bit" but more centralized.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: In a state of deep unconsciousness, typically due to injury, illness, or medical conditions.

Translation(s) & Context:

• коматозный - Used in formal medical contexts to describe a patient in a coma; often in clinical reports or discussions with healthcare professionals.

Usage Examples:

• Пациент был в коматозном состоянии после серьёзной травмы головы.

  The patient was in a comatose state after a serious head injury.

• Врачи боролись за жизнь коматозного больного в реанимации.

  Doctors fought for the life of the comatose patient in the intensive care unit.

• Её коматозное состояние длилось несколько дней, прежде чем она пришла в себя.

  Her comatose state lasted several days before she regained consciousness.

• Коматозный пациент требовал постоянного мониторинга медицинского оборудования.

  The comatose patient required constant monitoring with medical equipment.

• После операции он впал в коматозное состояние, что встревожило семью.

  After the surgery, he fell into a comatose state, which alarmed his family.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Коматозный" is an adjective in Russian, which means it changes based on gender, number, and case. It follows the standard pattern for adjectives ending in -ый, with some irregularities in certain forms. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This adjective does not have irregular forms, but always agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • в коме (v kome) - Literally "in a coma"; used interchangeably in medical contexts.
  • бессознательный (bessoznatel'nyy) - Means "unconscious"; differs slightly as it can apply to temporary states, not just comas.
• Antonyms:
  • сознательный (soznatel'nyy) - Means "conscious" or "aware".
  • бодрствующий (bodrstvuyushchiy) - Means "awake" or "alert".

Related Phrases:

• Входить в кому - To enter a coma; used to describe the onset of a comatose state (e.g., in medical emergencies).
• Выходить из комы - To come out of a coma; refers to recovery from a comatose condition.
• Коматозное состояние - Comatose state; a direct phrase for describing the condition itself.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "коматозный" directly corresponds to the English "comatose" as an adjective and is almost exclusively used in formal, medical settings. Unlike English, where "comatose" can be metaphorical, Russian usage is literal and professional. When choosing between translations like "коматозный" and "в коме", opt for "коматозный" when describing a state attributively (e.g., before a noun), and consider the context—e.g., avoid in casual conversation as it may sound overly technical. Grammatically, ensure it agrees with the noun it modifies, which is a key Russian feature.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "коматозный" interchangeably with "бессознательный" without considering nuances. For example, an English learner might say "бессознательный пациент" when "коматозный пациент" is more precise for a coma state.

  Correct: "Коматозный пациент" (Comatose patient) vs. Incorrect: "Бессознательный пациент" in a coma context, as the latter implies general unconsciousness. Explanation: "Бессознательный" can refer to any form of unconsciousness, while "коматозный" specifically denotes a deep, prolonged state.

• Error: Forgetting to inflect the adjective properly, e.g., saying "коматозный состояние" instead of "коматозное состояние" (for neuter noun).

  Correct: "Коматозное состояние". Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender, number, and case; this is a common pitfall for beginners.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and media, terms like "коматозный" are often associated with dramatic medical stories in literature or films, such as in works by authors like Solzhenitsyn, where they highlight themes of human resilience and healthcare challenges. However, it doesn't carry unique cultural idioms beyond its medical connotation, reflecting Russia's emphasis on scientific terminology in public health discussions.

Related Concepts:

• реанимация (reanimatsiya) - Intensive care
• травма (travma) - Injury
• сознание (soznanie) - Consciousness