Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'clot'

English Word: clot

Key Russian Translations:

• сгусток [ˈsɡʊstək] - [Formal, Often used in medical or scientific contexts]
• тромб [ˈtromb] - [Formal, Specifically medical term for blood clot]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical or descriptive contexts)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "сгусток"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "тромб" due to specialized usage

Pronunciation (Russian):

сгусток: [ˈsɡʊstək]

Note on сгусток: Stress falls on the first syllable. The "г" is pronounced as a voiced velar stop, similar to 'g' in "go."

тромб: [ˈtromb]

Note on тромб: Stress on the first syllable. The final "б" is often devoiced to sound like "п" in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A thickened mass (general or descriptive sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• сгусток - Used for a general clump or thickened mass, such as blood, paint, or mud.

Usage Examples:

• На ране образовался сгусток крови.

  A clot of blood formed on the wound.

• Краска высохла и превратилась в сгусток.

  The paint dried and turned into a clot.

• Сгусток грязи застрял в обуви.

  A clot of mud got stuck in the shoe.

2. A blood clot (medical term)

Translation(s) & Context:

• тромб - Specifically refers to a blood clot in medical contexts, often related to thrombosis.
• сгусток - Can also be used, but less precise in medical settings.

Usage Examples:

• Тромб может быть опасен для жизни.

  A blood clot can be life-threatening.

• Врачи обнаружили тромб в артерии.

  Doctors found a clot in the artery.

• Сгусток крови блокировал кровоток.

  A blood clot blocked the bloodstream.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

сгусток (noun, masculine): Follows the regular masculine declension pattern for inanimate nouns.

тромб (noun, masculine): Follows a similar regular masculine declension pattern.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for сгусток:

• комок (more general, can refer to any lump or clump)
• уплотнение (used for a thickened or dense mass)

Note: "комок" is broader and often used for non-medical contexts like "a lump of sugar."

Synonyms for тромб:

• сгусток крови (direct equivalent as "blood clot")

Antonyms: None directly applicable, as "clot" lacks a clear opposite in this context.

Related Phrases:

• сгусток крови - Blood clot, often used in both medical and descriptive contexts.
• образование тромба - Formation of a blood clot, a common medical phrase.
• растворение тромба - Dissolution of a blood clot, used in medical treatment contexts.

Usage Notes:

• "сгусток" is the more versatile term and can describe any thickened mass, not just blood. It is appropriate for both formal and informal contexts.
• "тромб" is a specialized medical term strictly used for blood clots, particularly in the context of health issues like thrombosis. Avoid using it for non-medical clumps.
• When speaking about blood clots in a non-medical context (e.g., a visible clot on a wound), "сгусток крови" is more natural than "тромб."

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "тромб" for non-medical contexts, such as describing a clump of mud or paint.
  Incorrect: Тромб грязи.
  Correct: Сгусток грязи.
  Explanation: "тромб" is exclusively a medical term for blood clots.
• Error: Misusing cases after prepositions. For example, using nominative instead of prepositional case.
  Incorrect: Говорить о сгусток.
  Correct: Говорить о сгустке.
  Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case with the preposition used.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, medical terminology like "тромб" is often encountered in discussions of health and wellness, reflecting a cultural emphasis on understanding and discussing medical conditions openly, especially among older generations. Phrases like "тромб оторвался" (a clot broke loose) are commonly understood due to widespread awareness of cardiovascular issues.

Related Concepts:

• тромбоз (thrombosis)
• эмболия (embolism)
• кровообращение (blood circulation)