Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'clayware'

English Word: clayware

Key Russian Translations:

• Глиняная посуда [ɡlʲɪˈnʲænəjə pəˈsudə] - [Common, used for everyday objects like pottery]
• Керамика [kʲɪrəˈmʲikə] - [Formal, often in artistic or industrial contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in discussions about crafts, household items, or archaeology, but not in everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of basic noun phrases and adjectives, though the vocabulary is straightforward for learners familiar with common materials)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Глиняная посуда: [ɡlʲɪˈnʲænəjə pəˈsudə]

Note on Глиняная посуда: The stress falls on the third syllable of "глиняная" (nʲænəjə), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the palatalized 'l' sound. Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Керамика: [kʲɪrəˈmʲikə]

Note on Керамика: The initial 'k' is palatalized, similar to the English 'ky' in "cute," and the word ends with a soft vowel sound. It's generally easier for beginners.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Pottery or objects made from clay

Translation(s) & Context:

• Глиняная посуда - Used in everyday contexts for household items like plates or vases, often in informal or domestic settings.
• Керамика - Applied in more formal or technical contexts, such as art, manufacturing, or historical discussions.

Usage Examples:

• В музее выставлена древняя глиняная посуда из разных эпох.

  In the museum, ancient clayware from various eras is exhibited.

• Эта керамика handmade и очень ценится коллекционерами.

  This handmade clayware is highly valued by collectors.

• Глиняная посуда часто используется в кухне для приготовления пищи.

  Clayware is often used in the kitchen for cooking food.

• В России традиционная керамика отражает народные мотивы и историю.

  In Russia, traditional clayware reflects folk motifs and history.

• Купите глиняную посуду на рынке, она экологичная и долговечная.

  Buy clayware at the market; it's eco-friendly and durable.

Secondary Meaning: General ceramic materials in industrial contexts

Translation(s) & Context:

• Керамика - Common in technical or scientific discussions, such as in engineering or manufacturing.

Usage Examples:

• Керамика из глины применяется в строительстве для огнестойких материалов.

  Clayware is used in construction for fire-resistant materials.

• Современная керамика часто сочетается с другими материалами для инноваций.

  Modern clayware is often combined with other materials for innovations.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Глиняная посуда" is a noun phrase where "глиняная" is an adjective and "посуда" is a feminine noun. It follows standard Russian adjective and noun inflections.

For "Керамика," it is a feminine noun with regular inflections: Nominative: Керамика; Genitive: Керамики; etc. It does not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: Фарфор (porcelain, often used interchangeably for fine clayware), Обожженная глина (fired clay)
• Керамические изделия (ceramic products, a broader term with slight differences in formality)
• Antonyms: Металлическая посуда (metalware, contrasting material), Стеклянная посуда (glassware)

Related Phrases:

• Древняя глиняная посуда - Ancient clayware; refers to historical artifacts in archaeological contexts.
• Ручная керамика - Handmade clayware; commonly used for artisanal products.
• Керамика для кухни - Kitchen clayware; everyday phrase for cooking utensils.

Usage Notes:

"Глиняная посуда" directly corresponds to "clayware" in everyday English, emphasizing household or traditional items, while "Керамика" is more general and can include non-clay ceramics. Use "Глиняная посуда" in informal or cultural contexts, and "Керамика" in formal or technical ones. Be mindful of gender agreement in Russian sentences, as adjectives must match the noun's case, number, and gender. For learners, start with simple nominative forms before exploring inflections.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "Глина посуда" instead of "Глиняная посуда" (omitting the adjective form). Correct: "Глиняная посуда" – This mistake arises from direct word-for-word translation; always use the proper adjectival form to describe the material.

• Error: Confusing with "Стекло" (glass), leading to phrases like "Стеклянная посуда" for clayware. Correct: Use "Глиняная посуда" to specify clay material, as mixing materials can alter the meaning in Russian contexts.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, clayware like "глиняная посуда" holds historical significance, often linked to folk traditions and crafts such as those from the Gzhel or Khokhloma regions. It symbolizes durability and natural materials, reflecting Russia's rural heritage and is commonly featured in museums or markets as a nod to pre-industrial life.

Related Concepts:

• Фарфор
• Стекло
• Обожженная глина