Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'chronometer'

English Word: chronometer

Key Russian Translations:

• хронометр [xrɐnɐˈmʲetr] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in technical, scientific, or nautical contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and basic noun declensions in Russian)

Pronunciation (Russian):

хронометр: [xrɐnɐˈmʲetr]

Note on хронометр: The stress falls on the third syllable ("mʲetr"). Pay attention to the soft sign (мʲ) which softens the preceding consonant. Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects, but this IPA reflects standard Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A precise timekeeping instrument used for measuring time accurately, often in navigation or scientific applications.

Translation(s) & Context:

• хронометр - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as discussing maritime navigation or horology; equivalent to "chronometer" in English.

Usage Examples:

• В морской навигации хронометр используется для определения долготы. (In maritime navigation, a chronometer is used to determine longitude.)

  English Translation: In maritime navigation, a chronometer is used to determine longitude.

• Этот хронометр имеет высокую точность и устойчив к вибрациям. (This chronometer has high accuracy and is resistant to vibrations.)

  English Translation: This chronometer has high accuracy and is resistant to vibrations. (Demonstrates the noun in a descriptive context.)

• Ученые использовали хронометр для измерения времени эксперимента. (Scientists used a chronometer to measure the time of the experiment.)

  English Translation: Scientists used a chronometer to measure the time of the experiment. (Shows usage in a scientific setting.)

• В коллекции музея есть старинный хронометр, сделанный в 19 веке. (In the museum's collection, there is an antique chronometer made in the 19th century.)

  English Translation: In the museum's collection, there is an antique chronometer made in the 19th century. (Illustrates historical or cultural context.)

• Современные хронометры интегрируются в системы GPS для повышения точности. (Modern chronometers are integrated into GPS systems for improved accuracy.)

  English Translation: Modern chronometers are integrated into GPS systems for improved accuracy. (Highlights technological applications.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Хронометр" is a masculine noun (3rd declension in Russian). It follows standard patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The plural form is used when referring to multiple devices. This noun does not have irregular inflections, making it straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • таймер (timer) - More general term for any timing device; often used in everyday contexts rather than precise scientific ones.
  • часомер (timekeeper) - A broader synonym, emphasizing the function of measuring time.
• Antonyms:
  • None directly applicable, as "хронометр" is a specific tool. However, in a loose sense, "некомпенсированный хронометр" might contrast with advanced versions, but this is not standard.

Related Phrases:

• Морской хронометр (Marine chronometer) - A specialized type used in seafaring; refers to precise timepieces for navigation.
• Точный хронометр (Accurate chronometer) - Emphasizes reliability in timing; often used in scientific or engineering discussions.
• Хронометр Джона Гарisson (John Harrison's chronometer) - Refers to historical inventions; highlights famous examples in horology.

Usage Notes:

"Хронометр" directly corresponds to the English "chronometer" as a technical term, particularly in fields like navigation and physics. It is typically used in formal or professional settings, avoiding informal speech. When translating, ensure the context specifies precision timing, as "таймер" might be a more casual alternative. Grammatically, remember that as a masculine noun, it requires appropriate adjective agreements (e.g., "точный хронометр" for "accurate chronometer"). If multiple translations exist, choose "хронометр" for exact matches in technical contexts to maintain precision.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "хронометр" with "таймер": Learners might use "таймер" interchangeably, but it's less precise. Error: "Я использовал таймер для навигации." (I used a timer for navigation.) Correct: "Я использовал хронометр для навигации." (I used a chronometer for navigation.) Explanation: "Таймер" implies a simple countdown, while "хронометр" denotes high-accuracy measurement.

• Incorrect declension: Forgetting to change the ending in cases, e.g., using nominative in genitive contexts. Error: "Без хронометр" (Without chronometer, incorrect). Correct: "Без хронометра." Explanation: Always decline based on sentence structure to follow Russian grammar rules.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the chronometer is historically significant due to contributions from figures like John Harrison, whose designs influenced Russian navigation during the Age of Exploration. It symbolizes precision and innovation in Russian scientific heritage, often featured in museums like the Polytechnical Museum in Moscow, reflecting Russia's emphasis on engineering and exploration traditions.

Related Concepts:

• часы (watches)
• навигация (navigation)
• таймер (timer)
• секундомер (stopwatch)