Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Cathode'

English Word: Cathode

Key Russian Translations:

• катод [ˈkatəd] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical and scientific contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate - due to specialized usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

катод: [ˈkatəd]

Note on катод: Stress falls on the first syllable, which is typical for many technical terms borrowed into Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Electrode in Electronics (Negative Terminal)

Translation(s) & Context:

• катод - Used in scientific, technical, and educational contexts to refer to the negatively charged electrode in an electrical device.

Usage Examples:

• Катод в батарее притягивает положительные ионы.

  The cathode in the battery attracts positive ions.

• В электронных лампах катод испускает электроны.

  In electron tubes, the cathode emits electrons.

• Катод соединён с отрицательным полюсом источника питания.

  The cathode is connected to the negative terminal of the power source.

• Исследователи изучили свойства катода в новой конструкции.

  Researchers studied the properties of the cathode in the new design.

• Катод играет ключевую роль в процессе электролиза.

  The cathode plays a key role in the electrolysis process.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The Russian word катод is a masculine noun. It follows the standard declension pattern for masculine nouns ending in a consonant.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• отрицательный электрод (more descriptive, used in detailed explanations)

Antonyms:

• анод (refers to the positive electrode)

Related Phrases:

• катодная защита - Cathodic protection (a technique to prevent corrosion).
• катодный луч - Cathode ray (used in old television and monitor technology).
• катодная трубка - Cathode ray tube (a component in older display devices).

Usage Notes:

• The term катод is a direct borrowing from English and is used almost exclusively in technical and scientific contexts. It does not have informal or colloquial equivalents.
• Unlike some English technical terms that may have multiple translations in Russian depending on context, катод is consistently used for "cathode" across all relevant fields.
• Be mindful of grammatical agreement when using катод in sentences, as Russian requires adjectives and verbs to agree in gender, number, and case with the noun.

Common Errors:

• Error: Incorrect declension of катод by treating it as a neuter noun (e.g., *катодо instead of катода in genitive singular). Correction: Remember that катод is masculine and follows standard masculine declension rules.
• Error: Misplacing stress on the second syllable (*катóд). Correction: The stress is on the first syllable: [ˈkatəd].
• Error: Confusing катод with анод due to lack of understanding of their roles. Correction: Always associate катод with the negative electrode and анод with the positive electrode.

Cultural Notes:

The term катод does not carry significant cultural connotations in Russian beyond its technical meaning. However, Russian scientific and engineering education places a strong emphasis on precise terminology, so using this word correctly is important in academic and professional settings.

Related Concepts:

• анод (anode)
• электрод (electrode)
• электролиз (electrolysis)
• ток (current)