Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Brusque'

English Word: Brusque

Key Russian Translations:

• грубый [ˈɡrubɨj] - [Informal, General Use]
• резкий [ˈrʲezkʲɪj] - [Formal/Informal, Often for Tone or Manner]
• отрывистый [ɐtˈrɨvʲɪstɨj] - [Formal, Often for Speech Style]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "грубый" and "резкий"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "отрывистый"

Pronunciation (Russian):

грубый: [ˈɡrubɨj]

Note on грубый: Stress on the first syllable. The "г" is a voiced velar stop, similar to English "g" in "go."

резкий: [ˈrʲezkʲɪj]

Note on резкий: Stress on the first syllable. The "р" is rolled, and "е" is palatalized.

отрывистый: [ɐtˈrɨvʲɪstɨj]

Note on отрывистый: Stress on the second syllable. Pay attention to the soft "в" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Abrupt or Curt in Manner or Speech

Translation(s) & Context:

• резкий - Used to describe a sharp or abrupt tone or behavior, often in formal or neutral contexts.
• отрывистый - Specifically for speech that is abrupt or clipped, often in written or formal descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Его резкий тон обидел всех на собрании.

  His brusque tone offended everyone at the meeting.

• Она ответила отрывистым голосом, не желая продолжать разговор.

  She replied in a brusque voice, unwilling to continue the conversation.

• Он был резок в своих замечаниях, что вызвало неловкость.

  He was brusque in his remarks, which caused awkwardness.

2. Rude or Impolite Behavior

Translation(s) & Context:

• грубый - Used to describe someone being rude or harsh, often in informal or everyday contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Продавец был очень грубый, когда я попросил помощи.

  The salesperson was very brusque when I asked for help.

• Не будь таким грубым, это невежливо!

  Don’t be so brusque, it’s rude!

Russian Forms/Inflections:

грубый (Adjective): Declines according to gender, number, and case.

Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	грубый	грубая	грубое	грубые
Genitive	грубого	грубой	грубого	грубых
Dative	грубому	грубой	грубому	грубым

Note: Similar declension patterns apply to "резкий" and "отрывистый" as they are also adjectives.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for грубый:

• невежливый
• хамский

Note: "хамский" is more colloquial and stronger in tone than "грубый."

Antonyms for грубый:

• вежливый
• деликатный

Related Phrases:

• грубый ответ - A brusque reply (used for a rude or harsh response).
• резкий голос - A brusque voice (often describing a sharp or abrupt tone).
• отрывистая речь - Brusque speech (used for short, clipped speech patterns).

Usage Notes:

• "грубый" is the most common translation for "brusque" when referring to rudeness or harsh behavior. It is widely used in everyday speech.
• "резкий" often describes a sharp or abrupt tone or manner, and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.
• "отрывистый" is more specific to speech and is less common in casual conversation; it is often found in literary or formal contexts.
• Choose the translation based on whether the brusqueness refers to behavior ("грубый"), tone ("резкий"), or speech style ("отрывистый").

Common Errors:

Error 1: Using "грубый" to describe a tone of voice when "резкий" is more appropriate.

Incorrect: Его голос был грубый. (His voice was brusque.)

Correct: Его голос был резкий. (His voice was brusque.)

Explanation: "грубый" refers more to rudeness in behavior, while "резкий" fits descriptions of tone or manner.

Error 2: Misusing adjective agreements with gender or case.

Incorrect: Она была грубый. (She was brusque.)

Correct: Она была грубая. (She was brusque.)

Explanation: Adjectives in Russian must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, being perceived as "грубый" (brusque or rude) can be particularly offensive, as politeness and warmth are often valued in personal interactions. However, a "резкий" tone might be more acceptable in professional or urgent situations, where directness is prioritized over softness.

Related Concepts:

• вежливость (politeness)
• тон (tone)
• манера (manner)