brunt
Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Brunt'
English Word: Brunt
Key Russian Translations:
- основной удар [ɐsˈnovnɨj uˈdar] - [Formal, Often used metaphorically]
- главная тяжесть [ˈglavnəjə ˈtʲaʐɨstʲ] - [Formal, Refers to burden or weight]
Frequency: Medium
Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for both translations
Pronunciation (Russian):
основной удар: [ɐsˈnovnɨj uˈdar]
Note on основной удар: Stress falls on the second syllable of "основной" and the first syllable of "удар".
главная тяжесть: [ˈglavnəjə ˈtʲaʐɨstʲ]
Note on главная тяжесть: Stress on the first syllable of both words; "тяжесть" has a soft 'ж' sound.
Audio: []
Meanings and Usage:
1. Main Force or Impact (Physical or Metaphorical)
Translation(s) & Context:
- основной удар - Used when referring to the main impact or force, often in a metaphorical sense (e.g., bearing the brunt of criticism).
Usage Examples:
Он принял на себя основной удар критики.
He bore the brunt of the criticism.
Основной удар пришелся на экономику региона.
The brunt of the impact fell on the region's economy.
Мы должны подготовиться к основному удару зимы.
We must prepare for the brunt of winter.
2. Main Burden or Responsibility
Translation(s) & Context:
- главная тяжесть - Used to describe the main burden or weight of responsibility.
Usage Examples:
На неё легла главная тяжесть забот о семье.
She bore the brunt of caring for the family.
Главная тяжесть работы легла на плечи молодых сотрудников.
The brunt of the work fell on the shoulders of the young employees.
Russian Forms/Inflections:
основной удар (Noun Phrase):
"Основной" is an adjective, and "удар" is a masculine noun. Below is the declension table for "удар":
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | удар | удары |
Genitive | удара | ударов |
Dative | удару | ударам |
Accusative | удар | удары |
Instrumental | ударом | ударами |
Prepositional | об ударе | об ударах |
главная тяжесть (Noun Phrase):
"Главная" is an adjective, and "тяжесть" is a feminine noun. Below is the declension table for "тяжесть":
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | тяжесть | тяжести |
Genitive | тяжести | тяжестей |
Dative | тяжести | тяжестям |
Accusative | тяжесть | тяжести |
Instrumental | тяжестью | тяжестями |
Prepositional | о тяжести | о тяжестях |
Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:
Synonyms for основной удар:
- главный удар
- основная сила
Note: "главный удар" is almost identical in meaning but slightly more formal.
Synonyms for главная тяжесть:
- основное бремя
- главная ноша
Antonyms:
- лёгкость (lightness, ease)
- облегчение (relief)
Related Phrases:
- принять основной удар - To bear the brunt (of an attack, criticism, etc.)
- нести главную тяжесть - To carry the main burden (of responsibility or work)
Usage Notes:
- "Основной удар" is more commonly used in contexts involving impact, force, or criticism, often metaphorically.
- "Главная тяжесть" is preferred when discussing burdens, responsibilities, or weight (literal or figurative).
- Both phrases are formal and more common in written or serious spoken contexts rather than casual conversation.
Common Errors:
- Error: Using "удар" alone without "основной" to mean "brunt." This can be too vague as "удар" simply means "strike" or "blow."
Incorrect: Он принял удар критики. (He took the blow of criticism.)
Correct: Он принял основной удар критики. (He bore the brunt of the criticism.)
- Error: Confusing "тяжесть" with "тяжёлость" (a related but less common term).
Incorrect: Главная тяжёлость работы. (Incorrect form)
Correct: Главная тяжесть работы. (Correct form)
Cultural Notes:
In Russian, the concept of "bearing the brunt" often carries a heroic or stoic connotation, especially in historical or wartime contexts. The phrase "основной удар" is frequently used in military history to describe the main force of an attack.
Related Concepts:
- бремя (burden)
- нагрузка (load)
- ответственность (responsibility)