Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Bound'

English Word: Bound

Key Russian Translations:

• связанный [svʲɪˈzannɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• обязанный [ɐbʲɪˈzannɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• прыгать [prɨˈɡatʲ] - [Informal, Verb, Literal meaning for physical bound]

Frequency: Medium (varies by context and translation)

Difficulty: B1-B2 (Intermediate; "связанный" and "обязанный" are B1, while nuanced usage can be B2)

Pronunciation (Russian):

связанный: [svʲɪˈzannɨj]

Note on связанный: Stress falls on the second syllable. The "я" is pronounced as a soft "ya" sound.

обязанный: [ɐbʲɪˈzannɨj]

Note on обязанный: Stress on the third syllable. The initial "о" is reduced to a schwa-like sound due to being unstressed.

прыгать: [prɨˈɡatʲ]

Note on прыгать: Stress on the second syllable. The final "ть" indicates an infinitive verb form.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Tied or Connected (Physical or Abstract)

Translation(s) & Context:

• связанный - Used for physical binding (e.g., tied with rope) or abstract connections (e.g., bound by duty).

Usage Examples:

• Его руки были связаны верёвкой.

  His hands were bound with rope.

• Мы связаны общим прошлым.

  We are bound by a shared past.

• Этот договор нас связывает.

  This contract binds us.

2. Obligated or Compelled

Translation(s) & Context:

• обязанный - Used in formal contexts to indicate obligation or duty.

Usage Examples:

• Я чувствую себя обязанным помочь.

  I feel bound to help.

• Он обязан выполнить обещание.

  He is bound to keep his promise.

3. Leap or Jump (Physical Motion)

Translation(s) & Context:

• прыгать - Refers to the literal act of bounding or jumping, often used for animals or energetic movement.

Usage Examples:

• Собака прыгала через забор.

  The dog bounded over the fence.

• Дети прыгают от радости.

  The children are bounding with joy.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

связанный (Adjective): Declines based on gender, number, and case. Below is an example for nominative case:

Gender/Number	Form
Masculine Singular	связанный
Feminine Singular	связанная
Neuter Singular	связанное
Plural	связанные

обязанный (Adjective): Follows similar declension patterns as "связанный".

прыгать (Verb): A regular verb of the first conjugation. Below are present tense forms:

Person	Form
Я (I)	прыгаю
Ты (You, singular)	прыгаешь
Он/Она/Оно (He/She/It)	прыгает
Мы (We)	прыгаем
Вы (You, plural)	прыгаете
Они (They)	прыгают

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for связанный:

• соединённый (connected)
• привязанный (tied)

Note: "соединённый" is often used for abstract or technical connections, while "привязанный" is more literal/physical.

Antonyms for связанный:

• свободный (free)
• развязанный (untied)

Related Phrases:

• быть связанным по рукам и ногам - Literally "to be bound hand and foot"; means to be completely restricted or helpless.
• прыгать от радости - Literally "to bound with joy"; means to be extremely happy or excited.

Usage Notes:

• "связанный" is the most versatile translation for "bound" and can apply to both physical and abstract contexts. However, it is more formal than conversational.
• "обязанный" is strictly used for obligations or duties and cannot be used for physical binding.
• "прыгать" applies only to the physical act of bounding or jumping and is unrelated to obligation or connection contexts.
• Be mindful of context when choosing the appropriate Russian translation, as the meanings of "bound" in English diverge significantly.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "прыгать" to mean "bound" in the sense of obligation.
  Incorrect: Я прыгаю помочь (I bound to help).
  Correct: Я обязан помочь (I am bound to help).
  Explanation: "прыгать" only refers to physical jumping, not obligation.
• Error: Using "связанный" without proper declension.
  Incorrect: Она связанный (She is bound).
  Correct: Она связана (She is bound).
  Explanation: Adjectives in Russian must agree with the gender and case of the noun they describe.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of being "bound" by duty or obligation (as in "обязанный") carries significant weight, often tied to notions of honor and social responsibility. This is reflected in literature and everyday interactions, where fulfilling one's obligations is highly valued.

Related Concepts:

• долг (duty)
• обязательство (obligation)
• свобода (freedom)