Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'bedraggled'

English Word: bedraggled

Key Russian Translations:

• растрепанный [rəstrʲɪˈpanːɨj] - [Informal; used for describing untidy or disheveled appearance]
• замоканный [zəmɐˈkanːɨj] - [Informal; used for something wet, dirty, or worn out]

Frequency: Low (This word is not commonly used in everyday conversation but appears in descriptive literature or informal descriptions.)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires understanding of Russian adjective inflections; varies by translation, with 'растрепанный' being slightly more complex due to its declensions.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

растрепанный: [rəstrʲɪˈpanːɨj]

Note on растрепанный: The stress falls on the third syllable ('pan'), and the 'р' is rolled. Be cautious with the soft sign (ʲ) which affects the preceding consonant.

Audio: []

замоканный: [zəmɐˈkanːɨj]

Note on замоканный: The initial 'з' is voiced, and the word has a clear stress on the third syllable; common in spoken Russian with slight regional variations in vowel length.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: In a state of disarray, often due to being wet, dirty, or exhausted, typically describing appearance or condition.

Translation(s) & Context:

• растрепанный - Used in contexts describing unkempt hair, clothing, or overall appearance, often after rain or fatigue; common in informal or narrative settings.
• замоканный - Applied to objects or people that are soaked and messy, such as after a storm; suitable for vivid, descriptive language.

Usage Examples:

• После дождя он выглядел совершенно растрепанным, с мокрыми волосами и грязной одеждой.

  After the rain, he looked completely bedraggled, with wet hair and dirty clothes.

• Её платье было замоканным от луж, и она старалась не привлекать внимания.

  Her dress was bedraggled from the puddles, and she tried not to draw attention.

• Ребёнок вернулся с прогулки растрепанным и счастливым, полный приключений.

  The child returned from the walk bedraggled but happy, full of adventures.

• В старом фильме героиня появлялась замоканной после бури, символизируя её внутренний хаос.

  In the old film, the heroine appeared bedraggled after the storm, symbolizing her inner chaos.

• Он был растрепанным после долгой ночи, но всё равно улыбался друзьям.

  He was bedraggled after a long night but still smiled at his friends.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'растрепанный' and 'замоканный' are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Adjectives follow standard patterns with some irregularities in spelling due to soft signs and consonant changes.

Note: These adjectives do not change in short form or have special verbal aspects, as they are not verbs.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: взъерошенный (more specific to hair or feathers), неопрятный (general untidiness) - взъерошенный implies a wilder, more chaotic state.
• Antonyms: аккуратный (neat, tidy), опрятный (well-groomed) - These are used in formal contexts to contrast with disarray.

Related Phrases:

• В растрепанном виде - In a bedraggled state; Used to describe someone appearing unkempt, often after an ordeal.
• Замоканный дождём - Drenched by the rain; A common phrase for being caught in bad weather.
• Растрепанная внешность - Bedraggled appearance; Refers to overall messy looks in social or literary contexts.

Usage Notes:

'Растрепанный' and 'замоканный' are informal equivalents to 'bedraggled' and should be used in casual conversations or descriptive writing rather than formal settings. 'Растрепанный' emphasizes visual disorder, while 'замоканный' highlights wetness or dirt—choose based on context. Grammatically, always inflect according to the noun it modifies. For English speakers, note that Russian adjectives agree in gender, number, and case, which can be tricky for beginners.

• Avoid overusing in formal writing; opt for more neutral terms like 'мокрый' if precision isn't needed.
• In spoken Russian, these words often carry a humorous or sympathetic tone.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse 'растрепанный' by treating it as invariant, forgetting to inflect it (e.g., saying "растрепанный дом" for a feminine noun instead of "растрепанная дом"). Correct: Use "растрепанную" for feminine nouns. Another error is confusing it with 'грязный' (dirty), which doesn't imply disarray—e.g., Wrong: "Он грязный" for 'bedraggled'; Right: "Он растрепанный" to capture the full sense. Explanation: 'Грязный' focuses on dirt alone, while 'растрепанный' includes chaos.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, personal appearance is often linked to social status and first impressions. Words like 'растрепанный' can imply not just physical state but also emotional exhaustion or carelessness, as seen in literature by authors like Chekhov, where such descriptions highlight character flaws or societal critiques.

Related Concepts:

• неопрятность
• взъерошенность
• мокрота