Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Bail'

English Word: bail

Key Russian Translations:

• залог [ˈzalək] - [Formal, Legal Context]
• выкуп [ˈvɨkʊp] - [Neutral, Often Used for Ransom or Bailout]
• освобождение под залог [ɐsvəbɐˈʐdʲenʲɪjə pɐd ˈzalək] - [Formal, Full Legal Phrase]

Frequency: Medium (Common in legal or financial contexts)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "залог" and "выкуп"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "освобождение под залог"

Pronunciation (Russian):

залог: [ˈzalək]

Note on залог: Stress on the first syllable. The 'o' sounds like the 'a' in "father".

выкуп: [ˈvɨkʊp]

Note on выкуп: Stress on the first syllable. The 'ы' is a unique Russian vowel, pronounced like a mix of 'i' and 'u'.

освобождение под залог: [ɐsvəbɐˈʐdʲenʲɪjə pɐd ˈzalək]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Bail as in "money paid for release from custody"

Translation(s) & Context:

• залог - Used in legal contexts to refer to the money or property given as security for release.
• освобождение под залог - Refers to the act of being released on bail, often used in formal or legal discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Он был освобождён под залог в размере миллиона рублей.

  He was released on bail of one million rubles.

• Судья установил залог за его освобождение.

  The judge set bail for his release.

• Его семья собрала деньги на залог.

  His family gathered money for the bail.

2. Bail as in "to rescue or help out"

Translation(s) & Context:

• выкуп - Used metaphorically for bailing someone out of a difficult situation, often financial.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство решило выкупить компанию из долгов.

  The government decided to bail out the company from debt.

• Друг выкупил меня, когда я остался без денег.

  A friend bailed me out when I was out of money.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

залог (noun, masculine):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	залог	залоги
Genitive	залога	залогов
Dative	залогу	залогам
Accusative	залог	залоги
Instrumental	залогом	залогами
Prepositional	о залоге	о залогах

выкуп (noun, masculine): Follows similar declension patterns as "залог".

освобождение под залог (phrase): Does not inflect as a single unit; individual components ("освобождение" and "залог") follow their respective declension rules.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for залог:

• гарантия
• обеспечение

Note: "гарантия" often implies a broader guarantee, while "обеспечение" is more tied to security or collateral.

Antonyms for залог:

• долг

Related Phrases:

• внести залог - To post bail or make a deposit.
• освободить под залог - To release on bail.
• выкупить из беды - To bail someone out of trouble (figurative).

Usage Notes:

• "залог" is the most common and precise term for bail in legal contexts. Use it when referring to the money or property itself.
• "освобождение под залог" is a formal phrase used to describe the process or act of being released on bail.
• "выкуп" is more versatile and can apply to both literal ransom and metaphorical "bailing out" from trouble or debt.
• Be mindful of context when choosing between these translations, as they are not always interchangeable.

Common Errors:

Error 1: Using "выкуп" in formal legal contexts for bail money.
Incorrect: Суд установил выкуп в миллион рублей.
Correct: Суд установил залог в миллион рублей.
Explanation: "выкуп" is more appropriate for ransom or figurative bailouts, not formal legal bail.

Error 2: Misusing cases with "залог".
Incorrect: Он был освобождён под залоге.
Correct: Он был освобождён под залог.
Explanation: "под залог" requires the accusative case, not prepositional.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian legal culture, the concept of bail ("залог") is often associated with high-profile cases and significant sums of money. It may carry a connotation of privilege, as not everyone can afford to pay bail. Additionally, the phrase "освобождение под залог" is frequently heard in news reports about criminal cases.

Related Concepts:

• арест
• суд
• обвинение