Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'authorization'

English Word: authorization

Key Russian Translations:

• авторизация [ɐf.tɐ.rʲɪˈza.t͡sɨ.jə] - [Formal, Technical, Used in computing or official processes]
• разрешение [rɐˈzrʲe.ʂə.nʲɪ.jə] - [Formal, General contexts, Plural form possible]

Frequency: Medium (Common in formal, business, or technical discussions, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of formal Russian grammar and vocabulary; авторизация may be more challenging for beginners due to its technical nature, while разрешение is slightly easier)

Pronunciation (Russian):

авторизация: [ɐf.tɐ.rʲɪˈza.t͡sɨ.jə]

Note on авторизация: Stress on the fourth syllable; the 'рʲ' sound is a palatalized 'r', which can be tricky for English speakers—practice with a native speaker. Variations may occur in rapid speech.

разрешение: [rɐˈzrʲe.ʂə.nʲɪ.jə]

Note on разрешение: The 'ш' sound in 'ʂə' is a soft 'sh'; ensure proper emphasis on the second syllable to avoid confusion with similar words.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Official permission or approval (e.g., granting access or authority)

Translation(s) & Context:

• разрешение - Used in legal, administrative, or everyday situations where formal consent is needed, such as entering a restricted area.

Usage Examples:

• Вы должны получить разрешение от начальства перед началом проекта.

  You must get authorization from management before starting the project.

• Без разрешения властей, строительство невозможно.

  Without authorization from the authorities, construction is impossible.

• Это разрешение действует только в течение года.

  This authorization is valid only for one year.

• Разрешение на въезд было выдано после проверки документов.

  The authorization for entry was issued after document verification.

Meaning 2: The process of authorizing, especially in computing or digital contexts (e.g., logging in)

Translation(s) & Context:

• авторизация - Commonly used in technical fields like IT, for processes involving verification and access grants.

Usage Examples:

• Авторизация на сайте требует ввода пароля.

  Authorization on the website requires entering a password.

• Процесс авторизации занимает всего несколько секунд.

  The authorization process takes just a few seconds.

• Без правильной авторизации доступ к файлам заблокирован.

  Without proper authorization, access to files is blocked.

• Авторизация пользователя происходит через биометрические данные.

  User authorization occurs through biometric data.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'авторизация' and 'разрешение' are nouns in Russian, typically feminine. Russian nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender. 'Авторизация' follows a standard pattern for loanwords, while 'разрешение' is a common neuter noun that inflects regularly.

Note: These words do not have irregular inflections but must agree with adjectives and verbs in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • допуск (dopusk) - Similar to 'access grant', often used in security contexts; less formal than авторизация.
  • утверждение (utverzhdeniye) - Implies official endorsement; more bureaucratic tone.
• Antonyms:
  • запрет (zapret) - Direct opposite, meaning prohibition.
  • отказ (otkaz) - Denial or refusal of permission.

Related Phrases:

• получить авторизацию (poluchit' avtorizatsiyu) - To obtain authorization; used in formal requests or digital logins.
• выдать разрешение (vydat' razresheniye) - To issue permission; common in administrative scenarios.
• авторизация доступа (avtorizatsiya dostupa) - Access authorization; a fixed phrase in IT security.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'авторизация' is the preferred term for technical or digital contexts, closely mirroring the English 'authorization' in computing, while 'разрешение' is broader and fits everyday legal or official scenarios. Always consider the context: use 'авторизация' for processes involving verification (e.g., online systems), and 'разрешение' for static permissions. Grammatically, these nouns require agreement in case and number, so pair them correctly with verbs like 'получить' (to get). For English speakers, note that Russian often emphasizes formality, so these words are rarely used in casual speech.

• When choosing between translations, opt for 'авторизация' in tech-related content and 'разрешение' in general discourse to ensure precision.
• Avoid direct word-for-word translation; Russian syntax may rearrange elements for natural flow.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse 'авторизация' with 'аутентификация' (authentication), using the wrong term in IT contexts. For example:

• Error: Saying "авторизация" when meaning login verification, but actually needing "аутентификация".
• Correct: Use "авторизация" for granting access post-verification. Explanation: 'Авторизация' follows authentication, so in a sentence like "После аутентификации выполняется авторизация" (After authentication, authorization occurs), the sequence must be accurate to avoid logical errors.
• Another common mistake: Incorrect inflection, e.g., using nominative "разрешение" in genitive contexts, like saying "Я имею разрешение" instead of "Я имею разрешение" (correct as is, but errors in other cases, such as "от разрешение" instead of "от разрешения").

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'разрешение' often reflect a bureaucratic tradition inherited from Soviet times, where official authorizations are commonplace for everyday activities. This can imply a sense of hierarchy and formality, contrasting with more individualistic Western approaches to authorization.

Related Concepts:

• аутентификация (auntentifikatsiya)
• документ (dokument)
• лицензия (litsenziya)