Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Applicant'

English Word: applicant

Key Russian Translations:

• заявитель [zəjəˈvʲitʲɪlʲ] - [Formal, Legal Contexts]
• кандидат [kənʲdʲɪˈdat] - [Neutral, Often Used for Job or Academic Applications]
• претендент [prʲɪtʲɪnˈdʲent] - [Neutral, Competitive Contexts]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for all translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

заявитель: [zəjəˈvʲitʲɪlʲ]

Note on заявитель: Stress on the third syllable; the 'я' sound is a palatalized vowel, common in Russian.

кандидат: [kənʲdʲɪˈdat]

Note on кандидат: Stress on the last syllable; ensure soft pronunciation of 'н' due to palatalization.

претендент: [prʲɪtʲɪnˈdʲent]

Note on претендент: Stress on the third syllable; the 'е' is pronounced as 'ye'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A person applying for a job or position

Translation(s) & Context:

• кандидат - Commonly used for job or academic applications.
• претендент - Used in competitive contexts, e.g., applying for a prestigious role.

Usage Examples:

• Этот кандидат обладает большим опытом работы.

  This applicant has extensive work experience.

• Претендент на должность должен пройти собеседование.

  The applicant for the position must pass an interview.

• Кандидат представил впечатляющее резюме.

  The applicant submitted an impressive resume.

2. A person submitting a formal request or application (e.g., legal or administrative)

Translation(s) & Context:

• заявитель - Used in formal, legal, or administrative contexts, e.g., visa or permit applications.

Usage Examples:

• Заявитель подал документы на визу.

  The applicant submitted documents for a visa.

• Заявитель должен предоставить дополнительные сведения.

  The applicant must provide additional information.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

заявитель (Masculine Noun): Follows the regular second declension pattern for masculine nouns.

кандидат (Masculine Noun): Similar to заявитель, follows regular masculine declension.

претендент (Masculine Noun): Follows regular masculine declension as well.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• соискатель (used for job or academic positions, similar to кандидат)
• абитуриент (specifically for university applicants)

Note: соискатель is often interchangeable with кандидат but may imply a more active search for a position.

Antonyms:

• работодатель (employer, opposite in job application context)

Related Phrases:

• подать заявление (to submit an application) - Commonly used with заявитель.
• кандидат на должность (candidate for a position) - Standard phrase for job applications.
• претендент на победу (contender for victory) - Used in competitive contexts with претендент.

Usage Notes:

• Choose заявитель for formal or legal applications (e.g., visas, permits). It is rarely used in casual or job contexts.
• Use кандидат for general job or academic applications; it is the most versatile and widely understood term.
• Opt for претендент when emphasizing competition or rivalry, such as applying for a highly contested position or award.
• All three nouns are masculine, so adjectives or verbs agreeing with them must reflect this gender.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using заявитель for job applications. Incorrect: Заявитель на работу. Correct: Кандидат на работу. Explanation: Заявитель is reserved for formal requests, not job candidacy.
• Error: Misplacing stress in pronunciation, e.g., saying [ˈkandidat] instead of [kənʲdʲɪˈdat]. Explanation: Stress in Russian is crucial; incorrect stress can lead to misunderstandings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the term кандидат is often associated with academic rigor, as it also refers to a "candidate of sciences" (a degree akin to a PhD). When using it, be mindful of the context to avoid confusion with academic titles.

Related Concepts:

• собеседование (interview)
• резюме (resume)
• заявление (application form)