Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'anachronism'

English Word: anachronism

Key Russian Translations:

• анахронизм /ɐnɐˈxronʲɪzm/ - [Formal, used in academic, historical, or literary contexts]

Frequency: Low (This word is not commonly used in everyday conversation; it appears more in specialized texts like history, literature, or criticism.)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B2 level, per CEFR; requires understanding of historical and chronological concepts, making it suitable for learners with a solid grasp of Russian grammar and vocabulary.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

анахронизм: /ɐnɐˈxronʲɪzm/

Note on анахронизм: The stress falls on the third syllable ("xron"), which is a common feature in Russian loanwords. Be mindful of the soft sign (ʲ) in the IPA, indicating palatalization of the preceding consonant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

An object, idea, or event that is out of its proper historical or chronological time period.

Translation(s) & Context:

• анахронизм - Typically used in formal discussions of history, literature, or art to describe chronological inaccuracies; common in academic writing or critiques.

Usage Examples:

• В историческом романе автора есть явный анахронизм: персонаж пьёт кофе в эпоху средневековья.

  In the author's historical novel, there is a clear anachronism: the character drinks coffee in the Middle Ages era.

• Этот фильм полон анахронизмов, таких как использование современных гаджетов в древнем мире.

  This film is full of anachronisms, such as the use of modern gadgets in the ancient world.

• Анахронизм в архитектуре может сделать здание менее аутентичным, если оно имитирует стили из другого века.

  An anachronism in architecture can make a building less authentic if it imitates styles from another century.

• Критики отметили анахронизм в пьесе, где феодальные лорды обсуждают демократию.

  Critics noted the anachronism in the play, where feudal lords discuss democracy.

• Использование анахронизмов в сатире помогает подчеркнуть абсурдность ситуации.

  The use of anachronisms in satire helps highlight the absurdity of the situation.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Анахронизм" is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, borrowed from Greek via English. It follows the standard third declension pattern for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. It has regular inflections across cases and numbers, with no irregularities.

Note: As a loanword, it does not have verb forms; it remains invariant in terms of gender and does not conjugate like native Russian verbs.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • неуместность (inappropriateness; less specific, often used for general mismatches)
  • хронологическая ошибка (chronological error; more descriptive in scientific contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • хронологическая точность (chronological accuracy; emphasizes correctness in time placement)
  • аутентичность (authenticity; highlights historical genuineness)

Related Phrases:

• исторический анахронизм - A historical anachronism; refers to errors in historical depictions, often used in film or literature criticism.
• культурный анахронизм - A cultural anachronism; describes outdated cultural elements in modern contexts, with connotations of societal mismatch.
• анахронистический элемент - An anachronistic element; used to point out specific components that are out of place in a narrative or design.

Usage Notes:

"Анахронизм" directly corresponds to the English "anachronism" and is best used in formal or academic settings. It is a neutrally toned word, without strong emotional connotations, but it implies a critical view of inaccuracies. When choosing between translations like "анахронизм" and "неуместность," opt for the former in historical contexts for precision. Grammatically, always decline it according to Russian case rules, and pair it with adjectives for emphasis (e.g., "явный анахронизм" for "obvious anachronism"). Avoid using it in casual speech, as it may sound overly intellectual.

Common Errors:

• Confusing it with similar words: Learners often mix "анахронизм" with "аналогизм" (analogy), leading to incorrect usage. For example, an incorrect sentence might be: "Это аналогизм в фильме" (meaning "This is an analogy in the film"), when they meant "анахронизм." Correct usage: "Это анахронизм в фильме" – This is an anachronism in the film. Explanation: "Аналогизм" refers to drawing parallels, while "анахронизм" specifically means a chronological error.

• Forgetting declensions: A common mistake is using the nominative form in all cases, e.g., saying "о анахронизм" instead of "об анахронизме." Correct: "Об анахронизме в истории" – About the anachronism in history. Explanation: Always adjust for the prepositional case when discussing "about" something.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "анахронизм" often appears in discussions of literature and history, such as in critiques of works by authors like Tolstoy, where deliberate anachronisms might serve artistic purposes. It reflects Russia's rich historical narrative, emphasizing the importance of timeline accuracy in preserving cultural heritage, but can also highlight how modern interpretations adapt historical events for contemporary relevance.

Related Concepts:

• анахронистический
• хронология
• аутентичность