Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Amend'

English Word: Amend

Key Russian Translations:

• исправить [ɪsˈpravʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, Often used for corrections]
• внести поправки [vnʲɪˈsʲtʲɪ pɐˈpravkʲɪ] - [Formal, Used in legal or official contexts]
• поправить [pɐˈpravʲɪtʲ] - [Informal, General use for minor changes]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "исправить" and "поправить"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "внести поправки"

Pronunciation (Russian):

исправить: [ɪsˈpravʲɪtʲ]

Note on исправить: Stress falls on the second syllable. The "р" sound is rolled, which may be challenging for non-native speakers.

внести поправки: [vnʲɪˈsʲtʲɪ pɐˈpravkʲɪ]

Note on внести поправки: Two-word phrase with stress on the second syllable of each word. Pay attention to soft consonants.

поправить: [pɐˈpravʲɪtʲ]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To correct or fix something (e.g., a mistake)

Translation(s) & Context:

• исправить - Used for correcting errors in text, behavior, or situations.
• поправить - Often implies minor corrections, like adjusting something slightly.

Usage Examples:

• Я должен исправить ошибку в документе.

  I need to amend an error in the document.

• Можешь поправить мой текст?

  Can you amend my text?

• Он исправил своё поведение после разговора.

  He amended his behavior after the conversation.

2. To make formal changes (e.g., in laws or rules)

Translation(s) & Context:

• внести поправки - Specifically used in formal, legal, or official contexts for amendments.

Usage Examples:

• Парламент внёс поправки в закон.

  The parliament amended the law.

• Мы должны внести поправки в договор.

  We need to amend the contract.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

исправить (Verb, Perfective): This verb is perfective, indicating a completed action. It follows regular conjugation patterns for perfective verbs in the past, present, and future tenses.

внести поправки (Verb Phrase, Perfective): "Внести" is the key verb, conjugated similarly to "исправить". "Поправки" is a plural noun and declines as a regular feminine noun.

поправить (Verb, Perfective): Similar to "исправить", follows regular perfective verb conjugation.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for исправить/поправить:

• починить (to fix, repair)
• улучшить (to improve)

Note: "Починить" is more specific to physical repairs, while "улучшить" implies general improvement.

Antonyms for исправить:

• испортить (to spoil, ruin)
• ухудшить (to worsen)

Related Phrases:

• исправить положение - "to amend the situation" (to improve a bad situation)
• внести поправки в текст - "to amend the text" (to make formal changes to a document)
• поправить здоровье - "to amend health" (to recover or improve health)

Usage Notes:

• "Исправить" is the most versatile translation for "amend" and can be used in both formal and informal contexts for corrections.
• "Внести поправки" is strictly formal and often reserved for legal, official, or documented changes.
• "Поправить" tends to imply smaller or less formal adjustments and can sometimes be used metaphorically (e.g., поправить здоровье - to improve health).
• Be mindful of the perfective aspect of these verbs; they indicate a completed action. For ongoing or repeated actions, imperfective forms like "исправлять" may be needed.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "внести поправки" in casual speech for minor corrections.
  Incorrect: Я внёс поправки в свою домашнюю работу.
  Correct: Я исправил свою домашнюю работу.
  Explanation: "Внести поправки" is too formal for everyday contexts like homework corrections.
• Error: Confusing "поправить" with physical straightening.
  Incorrect: Поправь стул (thinking it means "amend the chair").
  Correct: Поправь стул (means "adjust the chair's position").
  Explanation: "Поправить" can mean "to adjust physically", so context is key.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, the concept of "amending" something, especially in formal contexts like laws or contracts, often carries a sense of bureaucratic precision. The phrase "внести поправки" is frequently heard in news or political discussions, reflecting Russia's historical emphasis on formalized processes for change.

Related Concepts:

• улучшение (improvement)
• коррекция (correction)
• изменение (change)