Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Adult'

English Word: Adult

Key Russian Translations:

• взрослый [ˈvzrosɫɨj] - [Formal, Informal, Adjective]
• взрослая [ˈvzrosɫəjə] - [Formal, Informal, Adjective, Feminine]
• взрослые [ˈvzrosɫɨje] - [Formal, Informal, Plural]

Frequency: High (Commonly used in everyday speech and writing)

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner to Elementary level for all forms)

Pronunciation (Russian):

взрослый: [ˈvzrosɫɨj]

Note on взрослый: Stress falls on the first syllable. The "л" sound is soft, which is a common challenge for non-native speakers.

взрослая: [ˈvzrosɫəjə]

Note on взрослая: Similar to взрослый, but with a feminine ending. Pay attention to the schwa sound in the second syllable.

взрослые: [ˈvzrosɫɨje]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A grown-up person (noun/adjective)

Translation(s) & Context:

• взрослый - Used for a male adult or in a general sense (adjective or noun).
• взрослая - Specifically for a female adult (adjective or noun).
• взрослые - Refers to adults in plural (adjective or noun).

Usage Examples:

• Он уже взрослый и может сам принимать решения.

  He is already an adult and can make decisions on his own.

• Взрослая женщина вошла в комнату.

  An adult woman entered the room.

• Взрослые должны нести ответственность за свои действия.

  Adults must take responsibility for their actions.

• Это фильм только для взрослых.

  This movie is for adults only.

• Когда я стану взрослым, я хочу путешествовать по миру.

  When I become an adult, I want to travel the world.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The word взрослый is an adjective that also functions as a noun in certain contexts. It declines based on gender, number, and case, following standard Russian adjective declension patterns.

Note: Similar declension patterns apply to взрослая (feminine) and взрослые (plural), adjusted for gender and number.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• совершеннолетний (used in legal contexts)
• зрелый (emphasizes maturity)

Note on Synonyms: "совершеннолетний" is more formal and often used in legal or official contexts, while "зрелый" can imply emotional or intellectual maturity.

Antonyms:

• ребёнок (child)
• несовершеннолетний (minor, underage)

Related Phrases:

• взрослый человек - an adult person (common neutral expression)
• стать взрослым - to become an adult (used for reaching maturity)
• для взрослых - for adults (often seen on content ratings)

Usage Notes:

• The word "взрослый" can function both as an adjective (e.g., "adult person") and a noun (e.g., "an adult").
• Gender agreement is crucial in Russian. Use "взрослый" for masculine, "взрослая" for feminine, and "взрослые" for plural subjects.
• In formal or legal contexts, "совершеннолетний" might be preferred over "взрослый" to denote someone of legal age.

Common Errors:

• Error: Forgetting gender agreement, e.g., using "взрослый" to describe a female adult. Incorrect: Она взрослый. Correct: Она взрослая.
• Error: Misusing "взрослый" in legal contexts where "совершеннолетний" is more appropriate. Incorrect: Он взрослый и может подписать контракт. Correct: Он совершеннолетний и может подписать контракт.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, becoming an "adult" (взрослый) is often associated with reaching the age of 18, which is the legal age of majority. However, the term can also carry connotations of responsibility and independence, which are highly valued traits in Russian society.

Related Concepts:

• совершеннолетие (coming of age, legal adulthood)
• зрелость (maturity)
• ответственность (responsibility)