Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'abundant'

English Word: abundant

Key Russian Translations:

• обильный [ˈobʲɪlʲnɨj] - [Formal, Often used for resources or quantities]
• изобильный [ɪzɐˈbʲilʲnɨj] - [Formal, Literary, Often used for nature or wealth]
• многочисленный [mnɐɡɐˈtɕislʲɪnnɨj] - [Formal, Used for countable items like people or objects]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in written and formal contexts)

Difficulty: B1-B2 (Intermediate, varies slightly by term)

Pronunciation (Russian):

обильный: [ˈobʲɪlʲnɨj]

Note on обильный: Stress falls on the first syllable; the "о" is pronounced as a clear [o].

изобильный: [ɪzɐˈbʲilʲnɨj]

Note on изобильный: Stress on the second syllable; often used in elevated speech.

многочисленный: [mnɐɡɐˈtɕislʲɪnnɨj]

Note on многочисленный: Stress on the third syllable; note the soft "ч".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Plentiful in quantity or supply

Translation(s) & Context:

• обильный - Used for describing large amounts of food, rain, or resources.
• изобильный - Often refers to abundant nature or wealth in a poetic sense.

Usage Examples:

• На столе был обильный ужин.

  There was an abundant dinner on the table.

• После обильного дождя поля стали зелёными.

  After abundant rain, the fields turned green.

• Эта земля изобильна плодами.

  This land is abundant with fruits.

2. Large in number (countable entities)

Translation(s) & Context:

• многочисленный - Used for describing large groups of people or objects.

Usage Examples:

• На встрече присутствовала многочисленная аудитория.

  A large audience was present at the meeting.

• У нас многочисленные примеры успеха.

  We have abundant examples of success.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

обильный (adjective): Declines according to standard Russian adjective rules based on gender, number, and case.

изобильный (adjective): Follows similar declension patterns as "обильный".

многочисленный (adjective): Also declines as a standard adjective with similar rules.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• обильный: богатый, щедрый
• изобильный: плодородный, пышный
• многочисленный: большой, огромный

Note: "богатый" often implies richness, while "щедрый" can mean generous.

Antonyms:

• скудный
• бедный
• немногочисленный

Related Phrases:

• обильный урожай - Abundant harvest
• изобильная природа - Abundant nature
• многочисленные жалобы - Numerous complaints

Usage Notes:

• "обильный" is the most versatile and commonly used translation for "abundant", especially in contexts of food, resources, or natural phenomena.
• "изобильный" is more literary and often used in poetic or formal writing to describe richness or fertility.
• "многочисленный" is strictly used for countable entities and cannot be applied to uncountable concepts like rain or wealth.
• Be mindful of adjective agreement in Russian; the form must match the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "многочисленный" for uncountable nouns, e.g., *многочисленный дождь* (incorrect).
  Correct Usage: Use "обильный дождь" for "abundant rain".
• Error: Incorrect adjective agreement, e.g., *обильный еда* (incorrect).
  Correct Usage: "обильная еда" since "еда" (food) is feminine.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "обильный" and "изобильный" are often associated with hospitality and generosity, especially in the context of food and feasts. Describing a meal as "обильный" reflects not just quantity but also warmth and care.

Related Concepts:

• щедрость (generosity)
• богатство (wealth)
• плодородие (fertility)