Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'zoster'

English Word: zoster

Key Russian Translations:

• опоясывающий лишай /ɐpəˈjasʲɪvəjʊʂʲɪj ˈlʲiʂəj/ - [Medical Term]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical and healthcare contexts, but rare in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced, as it involves specialized medical vocabulary and understanding of Russian noun declensions; suitable for learners with strong intermediate to advanced proficiency)

Pronunciation (Russian):

опоясывающий лишай: /ɐpəˈjasʲɪvəjʊʂʲɪj ˈlʲiʂəj/

Note on опоясывающий лишай: The stress falls on the third syllable of "опоясывающий" (/ˈjasʲɪvəjʊʂʲɪj/), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the palatalized consonants (e.g., 'й' as /j/). Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A viral disease causing a painful rash, often along a nerve pathway (equivalent to 'herpes zoster' in English)

Translation(s) & Context:

• опоясывающий лишай - Used in medical discussions, formal health reports, or clinical settings to describe the condition; context: diagnosing or treating skin infections.

Usage Examples:

• Врач диагностировал у пациента опоясывающий лишай после появления сыпи на боку.

  The doctor diagnosed the patient with herpes zoster after a rash appeared on the side.

• Опоясывающий лишай часто возникает у людей старше 50 лет и может быть очень болезненным.

  Herpes zoster often occurs in people over 50 and can be very painful.

• Для лечения опоясывающего лишая обычно назначают противовирусные препараты.

  Antiviral medications are usually prescribed for treating herpes zoster.

• Если не лечить опоясывающий лишай timely, он может привести к осложнениям, таким как невралгия.

  If herpes zoster is not treated promptly, it can lead to complications such as neuralgia.

• Вакцина от опоясывающего лишая рекомендуется для предотвращения рецидивов ветряной оспы.

  The vaccine for herpes zoster is recommended to prevent recurrences of chickenpox.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Опоясывающий лишай" is a noun phrase where "лишай" is a masculine noun (from the second declension). It follows standard Russian noun declension patterns, while "опоясывающий" is an adjective that agrees with the noun in gender, number, and case. The phrase as a whole is invariable in most contexts but can be inflected based on sentence structure.

Note: The adjective "опоясывающий" changes to agree with "лишай" in each case, making this a regular inflection pattern for Russian learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • поясничный лишай (similar, but more specific to lower back involvement; used interchangeably in some contexts)
  • herpes zoster (direct borrowing, but less common in pure Russian texts)
• Antonyms: N/A (as this is a specific medical condition, it doesn't have direct antonyms; related concepts might include healthy skin conditions)

Related Phrases:

• Опоясывающий лишай у детей - A shingles case in children; refers to herpes zoster occurring in pediatric populations, often linked to prior chickenpox.
• Лечение опоясывающего лишая - Treatment of herpes zoster; commonly used in medical advice contexts.
• Профилактика опоясывающего лишая - Prevention of herpes zoster; discusses vaccines and immune health.

Usage Notes:

This term directly corresponds to "herpes zoster" in English and is primarily used in formal medical contexts. English learners should note that Russian medical vocabulary often incorporates descriptive phrases like "опоясывающий лишай" rather than single words. Be mindful of the noun's declension when using it in sentences, and avoid literal translations—e.g., don't confuse it with general skin conditions. If multiple translations exist, choose "опоясывающий лишай" for precision in healthcare discussions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misdeclining the noun, e.g., saying "опоясывающий лишая" instead of "опоясывающего лишая" in genitive case.

  Correct: опоясывающего лишая (e.g., in "симптомы опоясывающего лишая" - symptoms of herpes zoster).

  Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; this mistake often stems from English speakers treating phrases as unchangeable units.

• Error: Using it interchangeably with "ветряная оспа" (chickenpox), which is related but distinct.

  Correct: опоясывающий лишай for shingles, not for chickenpox.

  Explanation: While both are caused by the varicella-zoster virus, confusing them can lead to inaccurate descriptions in medical contexts.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions around "опоясывающий лишай" are often tied to broader health awareness campaigns, especially for the elderly, due to its association with aging and weakened immunity. It's not deeply embedded in folklore, but it reflects the Russian healthcare system's emphasis on preventive medicine, influenced by historical Soviet-era public health initiatives.

Related Concepts:

• ветряная оспа
• невралгия
• противовирусные препараты