Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'working'

English Word: working

Key Russian Translations:

• работающий [rɐ.bɐ.'ta.ju.ʂːij] - [Adjective, Formal]
• работа [rɐ.'bo.tə] - [Noun, Informal]

Frequency: Medium - 'Working' as an adjective or noun is commonly used in everyday Russian, especially in professional and technical contexts.

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for 'работающий'; A2 (Beginner) for 'работа' - The noun form is easier for beginners, while the adjective involves basic verb aspects.

Pronunciation (Russian):

работающий: [rɐ.bɐ.'ta.ju.ʂːij]

Note on работающий: The stress is on the third syllable; the 'щ' sound can be challenging for English speakers, similar to 'sh' in 'she' but softer.

работа: [rɐ.'bo.tə]

Note on работа: Stress on the second syllable; the final 'a' is reduced in casual speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: As an adjective, meaning 'functioning' or 'operating'

Translation(s) & Context:

• работающий - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as describing machinery or systems that are in operation.

Usage Examples:

• Эта машина работает без перебоев. (Eta mashina rabotaet bez pereboyev.)

  This machine is working without interruptions.

• В нашей компании все компьютеры работающие и обновленные. (V nashey kompanii vse kompyutery rabotayushchiye i obnovlennyye.)

  In our company, all computers are working and updated.

• Работающий механизм требует регулярного обслуживания. (Rabotayushchiy mekhanizm trebuet regulernogo obsluzhivaniya.)

  A working mechanism requires regular maintenance.

• Его работающий телефон всегда с собой. (Yego rabotayushchiy telefon vsegda s soboy.)

  His working phone is always with him.

• В музее есть несколько работающих экспонатов. (V muzeye est' neskol'ko rabotayushchikh ekspionatov.)

  In the museum, there are several working exhibits.

Meaning 2: As a noun, meaning 'work', 'job', or 'employment'

Translation(s) & Context:

• работа - Used in everyday contexts for employment, tasks, or labor; can be informal or formal depending on the situation.

Usage Examples:

• Я ищу новую работу. (Ya ishchu novuyu rabotu.)

  I'm looking for a new job.

• Его работа в офисе начинается в девять. (Yego rabota v ofise nachinaetsya v devyat'.)

  His work in the office starts at nine.

• Работа в этой компании очень интересная. (Rabota v etoy kompanii ochen' interesnaya.)

  Working in this company is very interesting.

• Она любит свою работу, несмотря на трудности. (Ona lyubit svoyu rabotu, nesmotrya na trudnosti.)

  She loves her job despite the difficulties.

• Работа на свежем воздухе полезна для здоровья. (Rabota na svezhem vozdukhe polezna dlya zdorov'ya.)

  Working outdoors is beneficial for health.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'работающий' (adjective, present active participle):

This word inflects based on gender, number, and case, following standard Russian adjective patterns. It is derived from the verb 'работать' (to work).

For 'работа' (noun, feminine):

This is a first-declension feminine noun with regular inflections.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • функционирующий (funktsionirovushchiy) - Similar to 'working' in a technical sense, but more formal.
  • труд (trud) - For the noun sense, meaning 'labor' or 'work', with a connotation of effort.
• Antonyms:
  • неработающий (nerabotayushchiy) - Not working or functioning.
  • бездействие (bezdeystviye) - Inactivity or idleness, opposite to 'work' as a noun.

Related Phrases:

• Работа над ошибками (Rabota nad oshibkami) - Work on mistakes; refers to reviewing and correcting errors.
• Работа в команде (Rabota v komande) - Teamwork; emphasizes collaborative efforts.
• Работающий механизм (Rabotayushchiy mekhanizm) - Working mechanism; a common phrase in engineering contexts.

Usage Notes:

'Working' as an adjective translates to 'работающий', which is often used in technical or descriptive contexts to indicate something is operational. As a noun, 'работа' directly corresponds to 'work' or 'job' and is versatile in Russian. Be mindful of context: in formal settings, use 'работающий' for machines, but 'работа' for employment. Grammatically, adjectives like 'работающий' must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a key difference from English. When choosing between translations, opt for 'работа' in everyday conversations about jobs.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'работающий' as a noun, e.g., saying "Моя работающий" instead of "Моя работа".

  Correct: "Моя работа" (My work). Explanation: 'Работающий' is an adjective and cannot stand alone as a noun; this confuses English speakers who treat 'working' flexibly.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., saying "работающий машина" instead of "работающая машина".

  Correct: "работающая машина" (working machine). Explanation: Adjectives in Russian must agree with the noun's gender (feminine in this case).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'работа' (work) often carries a strong emphasis on diligence and collective effort, influenced by historical contexts like the Soviet era's focus on labor. Phrases involving 'working' can reflect the cultural value placed on productivity, but they may also highlight work-life balance challenges in modern Russia.

Related Concepts:

• труд (trud)
• занятие (zanyatiye)
• профессия (professiya)