Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'tempera'

English Word: tempera

Key Russian Translations:

• темпера [ˈtʲem.pʲe.rə] - [Formal, Used in artistic and technical contexts]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in specialized art and historical discussions; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves art terminology and basic knowledge of Russian noun inflections; suitable for learners with some vocabulary in visual arts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

темпера: [ˈtʲem.pʲe.rə]

Note on температура: The word features a soft 't' sound (palatalized), which is common in Russian. The stress falls on the first syllable, and the 'e' in the second syllable may vary slightly by regional dialect, but [ˈtʲem.pʲe.rə] is standard.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: A fast-drying painting medium made from pigment mixed with a water-soluble binder, such as egg yolk, used in art.

Translation(s) & Context:

• темпера - Used in formal art history or technical discussions, often referring to traditional techniques in painting.

Usage Examples:

• Художник предпочитает работать с темпера из-за её яркости и долговечности.

  The artist prefers working with tempera due to its brightness and durability.

• В музее выставлена коллекция картин, написанных темпера.

  In the museum, there is a collection of paintings done in tempera.

• Темпера часто используется в иконописи для создания детализированных изображений.

  Tempera is often used in icon painting to create detailed images.

• Современные художники экспериментируют с темпера, сочетая её с акриловыми красками.

  Modern artists experiment with tempera, combining it with acrylic paints.

• Изучение техники темпера помогает понять эволюцию живописи в Средние века.

  Studying the tempera technique helps understand the evolution of painting in the Middle Ages.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Темпера" is a feminine noun in Russian, belonging to the first declension group. It follows standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in -a, with regular inflections based on case and number. There are no irregular forms.

Note: The plural forms are less common, as "tempera" is often used in singular contexts referring to the technique or medium.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: эгг темпер (egg tempera, more specific), яичная краска (egg-based paint) - Note: "Яичная краска" is a more general term and is often used interchangeably in casual contexts.
• Antonyms: акрил (acrylic), масло (oil paint) - These represent alternative painting mediums with different properties.

Related Phrases:

• Техника темпера - Technique of tempera; refers to the method of application in art.
• Живопись темпера - Painting in tempera; used to describe artworks created with this medium.
• Темпера на дереве - Tempera on wood; a common substrate in traditional iconography, with cultural significance in Russian Orthodox art.

Usage Notes:

"Темпера" directly corresponds to the English "tempera" as an art term, but it's more formal and technical in Russian. It is typically used in educational or professional contexts rather than everyday speech. When discussing art history, ensure the word is inflected correctly based on its grammatical role. For learners, choose "темпера" over synonyms like "яичная краска" if emphasizing the specific egg-based binder. Be aware that in Russian, art-related vocabulary often carries historical connotations, so pair it with phrases like "в стиле Возрождения" (in the Renaissance style) for richer context.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "темпера" in the wrong case, e.g., saying "Я люблю температура" (incorrect genitive form). Correct: "Я люблю темпера" (nominative). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case with their governing prepositions or verbs; always check the declension table to avoid this.

• Error: Confusing "темпера" with "температура" (temperature, as in weather). Correct: Use "темпера" specifically for the art medium. Explanation: These words sound similar but have different meanings; "температура" is unrelated and common in daily life, leading to mix-ups for beginners.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "темпера" is closely associated with icon painting and medieval art, particularly in the Orthodox tradition. It was a dominant medium in Russian religious art before the adoption of oil paints, symbolizing durability and spiritual depth. For example, many iconic works in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow use tempera, reflecting Russia's rich heritage in Byzantine-influenced art.

Related Concepts:

• иконопись
• акварель
• масло