Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'synthetic'

English Word: synthetic

Key Russian Translations:

• синтетический /sʲɪnʲtʲɪˈtʲɪtɕɪskʲɪj/ - [Formal, used in scientific and technical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in scientific, industrial, and everyday discussions about materials and chemistry)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding compound words and technical vocabulary; suitable for learners with basic grammar knowledge)

Pronunciation (Russian):

синтетический: /sʲɪnʲtʲɪˈtʲɪtɕɪskʲɪj/

Note on синтетический: The stress is on the fourth syllable ("tʲɪtɕɪskʲɪj"), and the palatalized consonants (sʲ and tʲ) can be challenging for English speakers; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to or produced by chemical synthesis (e.g., in chemistry or manufacturing)

Translation(s) & Context:

• синтетический - Used in formal scientific writing or discussions about artificial materials, such as in chemistry labs or product descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Этот материал синтетический и устойчив к износу.

  This material is synthetic and resistant to wear.

• В современной химии синтетические соединения часто заменяют натуральные.

  In modern chemistry, synthetic compounds often replace natural ones.

• Синтетический каучук дешевле натурального аналога.

  Synthetic rubber is cheaper than its natural counterpart.

• Производство синтетических волокон развивается быстро.

  The production of synthetic fibers is developing rapidly.

• Синтетический метод позволяет создавать новые вещества в лабораторных условиях.

  The synthetic method allows for creating new substances in laboratory conditions.

Meaning 2: Artificial or man-made, not occurring naturally (e.g., in everyday contexts like fabrics or food)

Translation(s) & Context:

• синтетический - Applied in casual or commercial contexts, such as describing clothing or food additives, but still maintains a formal tone.

Usage Examples:

• Эта одежда сделана из синтетического материала, который не мнётся.

  This clothing is made from synthetic material that doesn't wrinkle.

• Многие предпочитают натуральные продукты вместо синтетических добавок.

  Many people prefer natural products over synthetic additives.

• Синтетический ароматизатор используется в кондитерских изделиях.

  Synthetic flavoring is used in confectionery products.

• В отличие от натуральных, синтетические красители дешевле и долговечнее.

  Unlike natural ones, synthetic dyes are cheaper and more durable.

• Синтетический мех стал популярным в экологичной моде.

  Synthetic fur has become popular in eco-friendly fashion.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Синтетический is an adjective in Russian, which follows the standard adjectival declension patterns. It is a long-form adjective and changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table outlining its inflections:

Note: This adjective has regular declensions, with no irregularities. It remains unchanged in short form if used predicatively, e.g., "Это синтетично" (This is synthetic).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • искусственный (iskusstvennyj) - More general term for artificial, often interchangeable in everyday contexts.
  • химический (himicheskij) - Emphasizes chemical origin, used when focusing on production methods.
• Antonyms:
  • натуральный (natural'nyj) - Refers to naturally occurring substances.
  • органический (organicheskij) - Specifically for organic, natural materials in chemistry or biology.

Related Phrases:

• Синтетический материал - Synthetic material; commonly used in manufacturing and textiles.
• Синтетическая ткань - Synthetic fabric; refers to man-made fibers like polyester.
• Синтетическое волокно - Synthetic fiber; often discussed in fashion or engineering contexts.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "синтетический" directly corresponds to the English "synthetic" in technical and scientific contexts, but it may carry a more formal connotation. It's best used in written or professional settings rather than casual conversation, where "искусственный" might be preferred for simplicity. Pay attention to declensions based on the noun it modifies, as Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case. When choosing between translations, opt for "синтетический" for precise chemical synthesis discussions and "искусственный" for broader artificiality.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "синтетический" without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я ношу синтетический" instead of "Я ношу синтетическую" for a feminine noun like "одежду" (clothing).

  Correct: Я ношу синтетическую одежду. Explanation: Adjectives in Russian must agree with the noun's gender; this mistake often stems from English's lack of declension.

• Error: Confusing it with "синтез" (synthesis), leading to misuse in sentences, e.g., "Это синтез материал" instead of "Это синтетический материал".

  Correct: Это синтетический материал. Explanation: "Синтетический" is the adjective form; ensure it's used as such to avoid mixing with the noun "синтез".

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and language, "синтетический" often reflects post-Soviet industrial advancements, where synthetic materials became symbols of modernity and accessibility. For instance, in everyday life, synthetic fabrics are associated with affordable clothing, highlighting economic contrasts with natural imports. This term underscores Russia's emphasis on self-sufficiency in manufacturing.

Related Concepts:

• химический
• искусственный
• полимерный