Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'suspender'

English Word: suspender

Key Russian Translations:

• подтяжки /pɐdˈtʲaʐkʲɪ/ - [Plural, Informal, Used in everyday clothing contexts]
• подвязка /pɐdˈvʲazkə/ - [Singular, Formal, Used specifically for garter-like suspenders, e.g., for stockings]

Frequency: Medium (Common in discussions of clothing and fashion but not in everyday casual conversation; more prevalent in written descriptions or retail contexts).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with Russian noun declensions and vocabulary related to apparel. For 'подтяжки', it's B1; for 'подвязка', it's also B1 due to similar grammatical structures).

Pronunciation (Russian):

подтяжки: /pɐdˈtʲaʐkʲɪ/

подвязка: /pɐdˈvʲazkə/

Note on подтяжки: The 'тʲ' sound is a palatalized 't', which can be challenging for English speakers; it sounds like a soft 't' followed by a 'y' glide. Pronounce with emphasis on the second syllable.

Note on подвязка: The final 'a' is reduced in fast speech, sounding like a schwa (/ə/).

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A strap or set of straps worn over the shoulders to hold up trousers (common in British English).

Translation(s) & Context:

• подтяжки - Used in informal or everyday contexts when referring to men's or women's clothing accessories for support; often in fashion or retail discussions.
• подвязка - Applied in more specific contexts, like women's undergarments, but less commonly for trousers.

Usage Examples:

• Он надел подтяжки, чтобы брюки не спадали. (He put on suspenders so his trousers wouldn't slip down.)

  English: He put on suspenders so his trousers wouldn't slip down. (This example shows 'подтяжки' in a practical, everyday clothing context.)

• В старых фильмах актеры часто носят подвязки под рубашкой. (In old films, actors often wear suspenders under their shirts.)

  English: In old films, actors often wear suspenders under their shirts. (Illustrates historical or cinematic usage, highlighting 'подвязки' as a variant.)

• Магазин продает модные подтяжки разных цветов. (The store sells fashionable suspenders in various colors.)

  English: The store sells fashionable suspenders in various colors. (Demonstrates 'подтяжки' in a commercial or descriptive setting.)

• Подвязка на чулках должна быть эластичной. (The suspender on the stockings should be elastic.)

  English: The suspender on the stockings should be elastic. (Shows 'подвязка' in a women's fashion context, with an adjective for description.)

• Без подтяжек костюм выглядит неполным. (Without suspenders, the suit looks incomplete.)

  English: Without suspenders, the suit looks incomplete. (Emphasizes 'подтяжки' in a stylistic or formal outfit scenario.)

Meaning 2: A strap used to hold up stockings (more common in American English).

Translation(s) & Context:

• подвязка - Primarily used for undergarments; common in intimate apparel discussions, often with a feminine connotation.

Usage Examples:

• Подвязка на чулках удобно фиксирует их на месте. (The suspender on the stockings conveniently holds them in place.)

  English: The suspender on the stockings conveniently holds them in place. (This highlights 'подвязка' in a functional, personal care context.)

• В модных показах модели демонстрируют подвязки как аксессуар. (In fashion shows, models showcase suspenders as an accessory.)

  English: In fashion shows, models showcase suspenders as an accessory. (Shows 'подвязки' in a glamorous or public setting.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Подтяжки' is a feminine plural noun (from the root 'подтяжка'), and it follows standard first-declension patterns for plural nouns in Russian. It is invariable in the plural form for most cases but can change based on grammatical case. 'Подвязка' is a feminine singular noun with regular declension.

Note: These forms are regular, but always check context for proper usage. 'Подтяжки' remains unchanged in plural nominative and accusative forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • бретельки (bretelki) - Similar to straps, often used interchangeably in casual contexts; more common for lighter garments.
  • ремни (remni) - General term for straps, with a broader application but less specific to clothing.
• Antonyms:
  • без подтяжек (bez podtyazhek) - Not a direct antonym, but implies the absence; alternatively, concepts like loose clothing.

Related Phrases:

• надеть подтяжки (nadet' podtyazhki) - To put on suspenders; used in daily routines or fashion advice.
• мужские подвязки (muzhskie podvyazki) - Men's suspenders; refers to a specific type in retail or styling contexts.
• эластичные подвязки (elasticnye podvyazki) - Elastic suspenders; highlights material properties in product descriptions.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'подтяжки' directly corresponds to the British English meaning of 'suspender' as trousers supporters, while 'подвязка' aligns more with American English for stockings. Be mindful of gender-specific connotations: 'подвязка' is often feminine. In formal writing, use the appropriate case for grammatical agreement. When choosing between translations, opt for 'подтяжки' in general clothing contexts and 'подвязка' for undergarments to ensure precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'подтяжки' in singular form (e.g., *подтяжка for trousers). Correct: 'Подтяжки' is inherently plural; say "он носит подтяжки" instead of *он носит подтяжку. Explanation: Russian nouns like this don't have a common singular equivalent in this context, leading to grammatical errors.

• Error: Confusing with 'подвязка' and using it for trousers (e.g., *подвязка для брюк). Correct: Use 'подтяжки для брюк'. Explanation: This mix-up arises from English regional variations; always match the specific item to avoid misunderstanding in conversations.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, suspenders like 'подтяжки' are often associated with vintage or formal attire, reminiscent of Soviet-era fashion or classic European styles. They may carry a nostalgic connotation in media, symbolizing reliability or tradition, but are less prominent in modern casual wear compared to belts.

Related Concepts:

• галстук (galstuk) - Tie
• брюки (bryuki) - Trousers
• чулки (chulki) - Stockings