Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sunburnt'

English Word: sunburnt

Key Russian Translations:

• загорелый /zə.ɡɐˈrʲɛ.lɨj/ - [Adjective, Informal, Singular]
• обгоревший /ɐb.ɡɐˈrʲɛv.ʂɨj/ - [Adjective, Informal, Implies pain or burning]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday conversations about weather, health, and appearance, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; involves understanding adjective forms and contextual nuances; for обгоревший, it may be B2 due to its connotation of injury)

Pronunciation (Russian):

загорелый: /zə.ɡɐˈrʲɛ.lɨj/

Note on загорелый: The stress falls on the third syllable ("rʲɛ"), which can be tricky for learners due to Russian's mobile stress patterns. Pronounce with a soft 'r' sound.

обгоревший: /ɐb.ɡɐˈrʲɛv.ʂɨj/

Note on обгоревший: The 'ш' sound (/ʂ/) is a voiceless retroflex fricative, similar to 'sh' in "shoe," but more guttural; common in words related to damage or change.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Having skin that is red, sore, or tanned due to excessive sun exposure

Translation(s) & Context:

• загорелый - Used in casual, positive contexts, such as describing a healthy tan after a vacation; common in informal speech or literature.
• обгоревший - Used for more negative contexts, implying pain or actual burning; appropriate in medical or cautionary discussions.

Usage Examples:

• После целого дня на пляже он стал загорелым и счастливым. (After a whole day at the beach, he became tanned and happy.)

  This example shows the word in a positive, recreational context, highlighting a natural tan.

• Она забыла солнцезащитный крем и вернулась домой обгоревшей. (She forgot sunscreen and came home sunburnt.)

  Here, it illustrates a painful outcome, emphasizing the need for protection in outdoor activities.

• Дети часто бывают загорелыми летом, но родители должны быть осторожны. (Children often get tanned in the summer, but parents should be careful.)

  This demonstrates the word in a familial or advisory context, common in seasonal discussions.

• Его кожа обгорела от долгого пребывания на солнце без защиты. (His skin got sunburnt from prolonged exposure to the sun without protection.)

  This example varies the structure, showing the word in a cautionary narrative about health risks.

• Загорелый от морского бриза, он выглядел моложе. (Tanned by the sea breeze, he looked younger.)

  This portrays the word in a poetic or descriptive setting, often in literature or casual descriptions.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are adjectives, which in Russian undergo inflection based on gender, number, and case. загорелый is a regular adjective following standard patterns, while обгоревший is also regular but often used in past participle forms.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular inflections but must agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: загоревший (similar to загорелый, but more temporary); подгоревший (for slight burning)
• Antonyms: бледный (pale, indicating lack of sun exposure); for обгоревший: незагорелый (untanned)

загорелый and загоревший are often interchangeable in casual contexts, but загоревший implies a fresher tan.

Related Phrases:

• загореть на солнце - To get tanned in the sun; used for describing the process of tanning, often in recreational contexts.
• обгореть от жары - To get sunburnt from the heat; implies a more severe reaction, common in warnings about extreme weather.
• кожа загорелая - Tanned skin; a fixed phrase for describing appearance in fashion or health discussions.

Usage Notes:

загорелый is the preferred translation for 'sunburnt' when referring to a positive or neutral tan, as in everyday beauty or vacation talk, while обгоревший is better for contexts involving pain or damage, aligning more closely with the English word's literal meaning. In Russian, these adjectives must agree grammatically with the subject (e.g., gender and case), which differs from English. Choose загорелый for informal settings and обгоревший for formal or medical ones. Be cautious with regional variations; in southern Russia, these words might carry cultural connotations of health.

• Tip: When translating 'sunburnt' literally, always consider the context—positive tan vs. negative burn—to select the appropriate word.
• Grammar note: These are short-form adjectives in some poetic uses, but standard long forms are more common in modern Russian.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse загорелый and обгоревший by not distinguishing their connotations: for example, saying "Я загорелый" when meaning a painful burn (incorrect; use "обгоревший" instead). Error: "Он загорелый от солнца и болит." (He is tanned from the sun and it hurts.) Correct: "Он обгоревший от солнца и болит." Explanation: загорелый implies no pain, so it doesn't fit; this mismatch can lead to confusion in communication, as Russian speakers expect загорелый to be neutral or positive.

• Another error: Forgetting inflection, e.g., using "загорелый" with a feminine noun like "девушка" without changing to "загорелая." Correct: "Девушка загорелая." (The girl is tanned.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, загорелый often evokes positive images of summer holidays, beach vacations, or rural life, symbolizing health and vitality—especially in literature like Chekhov's works. However, обгоревший might reference historical contexts, such as warnings in Soviet-era health campaigns about sun exposure, highlighting a pragmatic approach to environmental risks in Russia's variable climate.

Related Concepts:

• солнцезащитный крем (sunscreen)
• загар (tan)
• ожог (burn)