Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'subsidize'

English Word: subsidize

Key Russian Translations:

• субсидировать [sʊb.sʲɪ.dʲɪ.rɐ.'va.tʲ] - [Formal, Used in economic or governmental contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in formal discussions on economics, politics, and business, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and formal vocabulary, as per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

субсидировать: [sʊb.sʲɪ.dʲɪ.rɐ.'va.tʲ]

Note on субсидировать: The stress falls on the third syllable ('va'), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to the soft consonants (e.g., 'sʲ' and 'dʲ'). Pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To provide financial assistance to support an activity, organization, or industry

Translation(s) & Context:

• субсидировать - Used in formal contexts like government policies or business reports to indicate financial support without expectation of immediate profit.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство субсидирует производство экологически чистых автомобилей, чтобы стимулировать зеленые технологии.

  The government subsidizes the production of environmentally friendly cars to promote green technology.

• Европейский союз субсидирует фермеров для поддержки сельского хозяйства в регионах с низкой урожайностью.

  The European Union subsidizes farmers to support agriculture in regions with low yields.

• Компании часто субсидируют образовательные программы для своих сотрудников, повышая их квалификацию.

  Companies often subsidize educational programs for their employees to enhance their skills.

• Государство субсидирует общественный транспорт, чтобы сделать его доступным для низкодоходных слоев населения.

  The state subsidizes public transportation to make it affordable for low-income groups.

• Международные организации субсидируют проекты по борьбе с голодом в развивающихся странах.

  International organizations subsidize projects to combat hunger in developing countries.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Субсидировать is a verb of the first conjugation in Russian, following the pattern of verbs ending in -овать. It is a regular verb with predictable inflections based on tense, aspect, person, and number. The imperfective aspect is used here, which is standard for ongoing or repeated actions.

Note: The verb does not change for gender in the past tense; the ending adjusts based on the subject's gender (e.g., -л for masculine, -ла for feminine).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • финансировать (finansirovat' - more general financial support, often without implying subsidies)
  • спонсировать (sponsorirovat' - used for sponsorship with potential mutual benefits)
• Antonyms:
  • сократить финансирование (sokratit' finansirovanie - to cut funding)
  • отменить субсидии (otmenit' subsidii - to cancel subsidies)

Related Phrases:

• государственные субсидии (gosudarstvennye subsidii) - Government subsidies; used in discussions of public policy and economic aid.
• субсидировать экспорт (subsidirovat' eksport) - To subsidize exports; common in trade and international relations contexts.
• получать субсидии (poluchat' subsidii) - To receive subsidies; refers to beneficiaries in economic programs.

Usage Notes:

Субсидировать directly corresponds to "subsidize" in English, emphasizing financial aid from a government or organization without expecting profit. It is typically used in formal settings, such as business reports or policy documents, and is less common in casual conversation. When choosing between synonyms like финансировать, opt for субсидировать if the context involves non-commercial support. Be mindful of aspect in Russian verbs; use the imperfective form for ongoing actions and perfective (e.g., субсидировать vs. подсубсидировать if needed) for completed ones.

Common Errors:

• Confusing it with финансировать: English learners might overuse финансировать for any funding, but субсидировать specifically implies aid without repayment. Error: "Я финансирую ферму" (when meaning subsidize). Correct: "Я субсидирую ферму". Explanation: Use субсидировать for subsidies to avoid implying a loan or investment.
• Incorrect conjugation: Forgetting gender agreement in past tense, e.g., saying "Она субсидировал" instead of "Она субсидировала". Error: "Компания субсидировал проект" (if referring to a feminine noun). Correct: "Компания субсидировала проект". Explanation: Past tense verbs in Russian agree with the subject's gender.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, субсидировать is often associated with state intervention in the economy, reflecting historical influences from Soviet-era policies where the government heavily subsidized industries like agriculture and manufacturing. This can carry connotations of social welfare and national development, making it a key term in discussions about economic inequality and government responsibility.

Related Concepts:

• бюджет (byudzhet - budget)
• грант (grant - grant)
• финансовая помощь (finansovaya pomoshch' - financial aid)