Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'subjective'

English Word: subjective

Key Russian Translations:

• субъективный [sʊbʲɪkˈtʲivnɨj] - [Adjective, Formal]
• субъектив [sʊbʲɪkˈtʲif] - [Adjective, Informal, Used in philosophical or technical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in academic, psychological, and everyday discussions, but not as frequent as basic adjectives)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective inflections and abstract concepts; the first translation is standard, while the second may vary slightly in usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

субъективный: [sʊbʲɪkˈtʲivnɨj]

субъектив: [sʊbʲɪkˈtʲif]

Note on субъективный: The stress is on the third syllable ("tʲiv"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the palatalized 'tʲ' sound; variations may occur in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Based on personal opinions or feelings rather than facts

Translation(s) & Context:

• субъективный - Used in formal contexts like psychology or philosophy to describe opinions influenced by individual perspective.
• субъектив - Informal variant, often in casual debates or everyday conversations about bias.

Usage Examples:

• Его мнение о фильме было очень субъективным, основанным на личных эмоциях.

  His opinion about the movie was very subjective, based on personal emotions.

• В научных исследованиях важно отличать объективные данные от субъективных интерпретаций.

  In scientific research, it's important to distinguish objective data from subjective interpretations.

• Она всегда подходит к критике с субъективной точки зрения, что иногда искажает реальность.

  She always approaches criticism from a subjective point of view, which sometimes distorts reality.

• Субъектив в его отзыве ясно указывает на эмоциональную предвзятость.

  Subjective in his review clearly indicates emotional bias.

• Мой субъективный опыт путешествий сильно повлиял на мои предпочтения.

  My subjective experience of traveling has greatly influenced my preferences.

Meaning 2: Dependent on the mind or on an individual's perception

Translation(s) & Context:

• субъективный - In philosophical or perceptual contexts, emphasizing mental subjectivity.

Usage Examples:

• Субъективный опыт боли варьируется от человека к человеку.

  The subjective experience of pain varies from person to person.

• Философы часто обсуждают, насколько субъективным является восприятие красоты.

  Philosophers often discuss how subjective the perception of beauty is.

• В психологии субъективный анализ помогает понять внутренний мир пациента.

  In psychology, subjective analysis helps understand the inner world of the patient.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are adjectives, which in Russian follow standard adjectival inflections. Russian adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify. 'Субъективный' is a regular adjective and inflects predictably.

For 'субъектив', it is less common and may not inflect as fully in informal use, but when it does, it follows similar patterns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • личный (lichnyy) - More general, meaning 'personal', with subtle differences in emphasizing individuality.
  • предвзятый (predvzyatyj) - Used when implying bias, often in contexts of unfair judgment.
• Antonyms:
  • объективный (obyektivnyj)
  • нейтральный (nejtrral'nyj)

Related Phrases:

• Субъективный взгляд (Subjective viewpoint) - Refers to a biased or personal perspective in discussions or analyses.
• Субъективное восприятие (Subjective perception) - Common in psychology, describing how individuals interpret experiences differently.
• Личный субъективный опыт (Personal subjective experience) - Used in storytelling or self-reflection to highlight individual emotions.

Usage Notes:

'Субъективный' directly corresponds to the English 'subjective' in formal contexts, such as academia or professional writing, and should be used when emphasizing personal bias. In informal settings, 'субъектив' might be preferred for brevity, but it's less standard. Always ensure the adjective agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, as per Russian grammar rules. When choosing between translations, opt for 'субъективный' in written or educational content for clarity.

Common Errors:

• English learners often misuse 'субъективный' by not inflecting it correctly, e.g., saying "субъективный дом" instead of "субъективный взгляд" (incorrect: a house can't be subjective). Correct: Ensure it matches the noun's case, like "в субъективном анализе" (in subjective analysis).

• Confusing it with 'объективный' (objective), leading to sentences like "Это субъективный факт" (This is a subjective fact), which is illogical. Correct: Use 'субъективный' only for opinions, not facts, and pair it with appropriate contexts.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of 'subjective' often ties into philosophical traditions influenced by thinkers like Tolstoy or Soviet-era psychology, where personal experiences are valued in literature and art. This can lead to a cultural emphasis on subjective narratives in storytelling, contrasting with more objective Western approaches.

Related Concepts:

• объективный
• перцепция (perception)
• предубеждение (prejudice)