Russian Translation(s) & Details for '{{stow}}'

English Word: {{stow}}

Key Russian Translations:

• укладывать [ʊkləˈdɨvətʲ] - [Informal, Verb, Used in everyday contexts for storing or arranging items]
• хранить [ˈxrɑ.nʲitʲ] - [Formal, Verb, Used for long-term storage or preservation]

Frequency: Medium (Common in daily language but not as frequent as basic verbs like 'to be' or 'to have')

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; requires understanding of verb conjugations. For 'укладывать': B1; for 'хранить': A2 due to simpler conjugation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

укладывать: [ʊkləˈdɨvətʲ]

Note on укладывать: The stress falls on the second syllable ('ла'), and the 'ы' sound can be challenging for English speakers, similar to a short 'i' in 'bit'. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

хранить: [ˈxrɑ.nʲitʲ]

Note on хранить: The initial 'х' is a voiceless velar fricative, like the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'. It's a relatively straightforward verb for beginners.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To put away or store something, often implying arrangement or packing (e.g., in a container or space).

Translation(s) & Context:

• укладывать - Used in informal, everyday situations, such as packing items for travel or organizing a space.
• хранить - Applied in more formal or long-term contexts, like storing valuables or preserving food.

Usage Examples:

• Он укладывает книги в коробку перед переездом.

  He is stowing the books in the box before the move.

• Моряки укладывают груз на корабле, чтобы избежать повреждений.

  Sailors are stowing the cargo on the ship to prevent damage.

• Она предпочитает укладывать одежду в сумку аккуратно.

  She prefers to stow her clothes in the bag neatly.

• В музее они хранят древние артефакты в специальных контейнерах.

  In the museum, they stow ancient artifacts in special containers.

• Дети учатся укладывать игрушки после игры.

  Children are learning to stow their toys after playtime, promoting organization.

Meaning 2: To store or keep something safe, with an emphasis on preservation.

Translation(s) & Context:

• хранить - Common in contexts involving memory, data, or physical items that need protection over time.
• укладывать - Less common here, but can be used if arrangement is involved, e.g., in archiving.

Usage Examples:

• Библиотека хранит редкие книги в защищённом помещении.

  The library stows rare books in a protected room.

• Он хранит семейные фотографии в цифровом архиве.

  He stows family photos in a digital archive for safekeeping.

• Мы укладываем зимнюю одежду, чтобы хранить её до следующего сезона.

  We stow winter clothes to keep them until next season.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'укладывать' and 'хранить' are verbs, so they follow Russian verb conjugation patterns. 'Укладывать' is an imperfective verb with imperfective aspects, while 'хранить' is also imperfective. Russian verbs change based on tense, aspect, person, and number.

Note: These verbs do not have irregular forms but follow standard patterns for first conjugation verbs. 'Укладывать' may have aspectual pairs like 'уложить' (perfective).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: складывать (to fold or stack), помещать (to place or put in)
• Antonyms: вынимать (to remove or take out), бросать (to throw or discard; differs as it's more casual)

Related Phrases:

• укладывать багаж - Refers to packing luggage for travel, often in a hurried context.
• хранить тайну - Means to keep a secret, emphasizing confidentiality in personal or professional settings.
• укладывать вещи - Used for organizing belongings, common in household or moving scenarios.

Usage Notes:

'Укладывать' corresponds closely to the English 'stow' in physical, action-oriented contexts, such as arranging items in limited space, and is ideal for informal speech. 'Хранить' aligns more with 'to store' or 'to keep,' focusing on preservation rather than immediate placement. Choose 'укладывать' for dynamic actions and 'хранить' for static, long-term scenarios. Be mindful of aspect: use imperfective for ongoing actions. In formal writing, pair with prepositions like 'в' (in) for location.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'укладывать' interchangeably with 'хранить' without considering context. For example, learners might say "Я укладываю деньги в банке" (incorrect for long-term saving), when it should be "Я храню деньги в банке." Correct: "храню" implies safekeeping, while "укладывать" suggests physical packing.
• Error: Misconjugating verbs in past tense, e.g., saying "укладывалa" for a male subject. Explanation: Russian verbs agree in gender, so use "укладывал" for masculine and "укладывала" for feminine.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, verbs like 'хранить' often carry emotional weight, such as in phrases related to preserving family traditions or historical artifacts, reflecting Russia's emphasis on heritage and endurance through history.

Related Concepts:

• хранение
• упаковка
• сортировка