Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'socialist'

English Word: socialist

Key Russian Translations:

• социалист [sɐt͡sɨɐˈlʲist] - [Formal, Noun, Singular]
• социалистический [sɐt͡sɨɐlʲɪˈstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj] - [Formal, Adjective]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in political, historical, and academic contexts, but less frequent in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves political terminology that requires understanding of Russian grammar and socio-political concepts; for 'социалист' as a noun, it's straightforward, but 'социалистический' as an adjective may involve declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

социалист: [sɐt͡sɨɐˈlʲist]

социалистический: [sɐt͡sɨɐlʲɪˈstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj]

Note on социалист: The stress is on the third syllable ('lʲist'), which is a common point of difficulty for English speakers due to Russian's variable stress patterns. Pronounce the 'ц' as a voiceless alveolar affricate.

Note on социалистический: This is a longer word with stress on the fourth syllable ('stʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj'); be mindful of the palatalized consonants, which can soften the sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A person who advocates for or supports socialism (Noun form).

Translation(s) & Context:

• социалист - Used in formal political discussions, historical contexts, or when referring to individuals involved in socialist movements.

Usage Examples:

• Он является убеждённым социалистом и активно участвует в протестах.

  He is a committed socialist and actively participates in protests.

• В её семье всегда были социалисты, с детства она слышала об идеях Маркса.

  In her family, there were always socialists; from childhood, she heard about Marx's ideas.

• Этот социалист выиграл выборы, обещая реформы в социальной сфере.

  This socialist won the election, promising reforms in the social sphere.

• Как социалист, она критикует капитализм за неравенство.

  As a socialist, she criticizes capitalism for inequality.

• Многие социалисты в России вдохновлялись революцией 1917 года.

  Many socialists in Russia were inspired by the 1917 revolution.

An adjective describing something related to socialism (Adjective form).

Translation(s) & Context:

• социалистический - Used to describe systems, policies, or eras associated with socialism, often in formal or academic settings.

Usage Examples:

• Социалистический режим в СССР длился несколько десятилетий.

  The socialist regime in the USSR lasted for several decades.

• Эта партия продвигает социалистический подход к экономике.

  This party promotes a socialist approach to the economy.

• В социалистическом обществе равенство считается ключевым принципом.

  In a socialist society, equality is considered a key principle.

• Он пишет книгу о социалистическом движении в Европе.

  He is writing a book about the socialist movement in Europe.

• Социалистический эксперимент в этой стране потерпел неудачу.

  The socialist experiment in this country failed.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'социалист' (a masculine noun, second declension):

This noun follows standard Russian noun declension patterns. It is invariable in the nominative singular but changes in other cases and numbers.

For 'социалистический' (an adjective):

This adjective agrees with the noun it modifies and follows full adjectival declension, which is regular. It changes based on gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: левый (left-wing; often used in a broader ideological sense), радикал (radical; implies more extreme views)
• Antonyms: капиталист (capitalist; directly opposes socialist economic principles), консерватор (conservative; suggests resistance to change)

Related Phrases:

• Социалистическая революция - A revolution aimed at establishing socialism; used in historical contexts.
• Социалистическая экономика - An economy based on socialist principles; common in discussions of political systems.
• Идеи социалистического движения - Ideas of the socialist movement; refers to core philosophies in activism.

Usage Notes:

'Социалист' directly translates to a person supporting socialism and is often used in formal or political contexts, similar to the English 'socialist'. However, in Russian, it carries historical connotations tied to the Soviet era, so use it cautiously in modern conversations to avoid unintended political implications. 'Социалистический' as an adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case, which differs from English adjective usage. When choosing between translations, opt for 'социалист' for people and 'социалистический' for concepts or systems. It's more common in written or academic Russian than spoken language.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'социалист' without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я видел социалист" instead of "Я видел социалиста" in accusative case. Correct: Always decline based on sentence role. Explanation: Russian nouns must agree with case, so learners often forget this, leading to grammatical errors.

• Error: Confusing 'социалистический' with 'социальный' (social), e.g., saying "социальный режим" when meaning "socialist regime". Correct: Use 'социалистический' for ideology-specific contexts. Explanation: These words are related but distinct; 'социальный' refers to general society, not political systems.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, terms like 'социалист' and 'социалистический' are deeply intertwined with the country's Soviet history (1917-1991), evoking memories of the Bolshevik Revolution and state-controlled economies. They can carry positive or negative connotations depending on the speaker's perspective, with older generations often associating them with national pride or hardship, while younger people may view them critically in light of post-Soviet reforms.

Related Concepts:

• коммунизм (communism)
• марксизм (Marxism)
• пролетарий (proletariat)