Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'severance'

English Word: severance

Key Russian Translations:

• выходное пособие [vɨˈxodnəjə pɐˈsobʲijə] - [Formal, Used in employment contexts]
• расчёт при увольнении [rɐˈsʲet prʲi uvɐlʲnʲenʲijə] - [Formal, Legal terminology]

Frequency: Medium (Common in business and legal discussions, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of Russian noun phrases and employment vocabulary; varies slightly by translation, e.g., 'выходное пособие' is B2, while 'расчёт при увольнении' may approach C1 due to legal nuances)

Pronunciation (Russian):

выходное пособие: [vɨˈxodnəjə pɐˈsobʲijə]

расчёт при увольнении: [rɐˈsʲet prʲi uvɐlʲnʲenʲijə]

Note on выходное пособие: The stress falls on the third syllable of 'выходное' (/xod/), which can be tricky for English speakers due to Russian's mobile stress patterns. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Compensation paid upon termination of employment (e.g., severance pay)

Translation(s) & Context:

• выходное пособие - Used in formal employment contracts or discussions about layoffs, emphasizing financial support for employees.
• расчёт при увольнении - Applied in legal or official contexts, such as court proceedings or HR documentation, to denote settlement payments.

Usage Examples:

• Работник получил выходное пособие после сокращения штата.

  The employee received severance pay after the staff reduction.

• Компания обязана выплатить расчёт при увольнении в соответствии с трудовым кодексом.

  The company is obligated to pay severance in accordance with the labor code.

• В условиях экономического кризиса многие работники рассчитывают на выходное пособие.

  In times of economic crisis, many employees rely on severance pay.

• Администрация фирмы обсудила расчёт при увольнении с профсоюзом.

  The company administration discussed severance with the trade union.

• После добровольного ухода он не претендовал на выходное пособие.

  After voluntary resignation, he did not claim severance pay.

Meaning 2: The act of severing or separating (e.g., in a general or metaphorical sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• разрыв [rɐˈzryf] - Used in informal or metaphorical contexts, such as ending relationships or contracts.

Usage Examples:

• Разрыв контракта привёл к серьёзным финансовым потерям.

  The severance of the contract led to serious financial losses.

• В личных отношениях иногда необходим разрыв для нового начала.

  In personal relationships, severance is sometimes necessary for a fresh start.

• Политический разрыв между странами был неизбежен.

  The severance of political ties between countries was inevitable.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'выходное пособие' (a noun phrase): This is a compound noun where 'выходное' is an adjective and 'пособие' is a neuter noun. 'Пособие' follows standard Russian neuter noun inflections:

For 'расчёт при увольнении' (another noun phrase): 'Расчёт' is a masculine noun with regular inflections, but the phrase as a whole is often used in its base form in formal contexts. It does not change irregularly.

Note: 'Разрыв' (from Meaning 2) is a masculine noun with standard inflections, e.g., Nominative: разрыв; Genitive: разрыва.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • увольнительные выплаты (Similar to 'выходное пособие', but more specific to payments; used in bureaucratic contexts)
  • компенсация (General term for compensation, often interchangeable but less formal)
• Antonyms:
  • продление (Extension or continuation, opposite of severance in contracts)
  • стабильность (Stability, contrasting with the idea of separation)

Related Phrases:

• Выходное пособие по сокращению штата - (Severance pay due to staff reduction; Used in HR discussions to specify the reason for payment.)
• Расчёт при добровольном увольнении - (Severance for voluntary resignation; Highlights scenarios where payment might not apply.)
• Разрыв трудового договора - (Breach or severance of an employment contract; Common in legal contexts.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'severance' is most accurately translated as 'выходное пособие' in employment contexts, which directly corresponds to 'severance pay' in English. This term is typically used in formal, professional settings and is governed by Russian labor laws (e.g., the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Be cautious with word choice: 'расчёт при увольнении' is more legalistic and implies a settlement process, so opt for it in official documents. Grammatically, these phrases often require genitive or prepositional cases when describing contexts. For English learners, remember that Russian nouns like 'пособие' inflect based on case, which can affect sentence structure. When multiple translations exist, choose based on context—e.g., use 'выходное пособие' for everyday business talk and 'расчёт при увольнении' for courtroom scenarios.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'выходное пособие' in informal contexts where it sounds overly formal. Correct: In casual conversation, English speakers might incorrectly say "severance" as a direct loan, but in Russian, opt for simpler synonyms like 'компенсация'. Example of error: *Я хочу выходное пособие за увольнение* (overly rigid); Correct: Я претендую на компенсацию при увольнении. Explanation: This maintains natural flow and avoids bureaucratic tone.

• Error: Forgetting to inflect nouns in phrases, e.g., saying 'выходное пособия' instead of 'выходное пособие' in nominative. Correct: Always check the case—e.g., in genitive: выходного пособия. Explanation: Russian requires agreement in case, number, and gender, which English lacks, leading to grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and business practices, 'severance pay' like 'выходное пособие' is not just a financial transaction but often tied to social welfare and employee rights, influenced by Soviet-era labor protections. This reflects a broader emphasis on job security in Russian society, where abrupt dismissals without compensation can lead to public backlash or legal disputes, highlighting the cultural value placed on fairness in employment.

Related Concepts:

• увольнение (Dismissal)
• трудовой договор (Employment contract)
• компенсация (Compensation)