Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sepsis'

English Word: sepsis

Key Russian Translations:

• сепсис - [ˈsʲe.psʲɪs] - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical and professional contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced; Requires knowledge of medical terminology and is not suitable for beginners due to its specialized nature)

Pronunciation (Russian):

сепсис: [ˈsʲe.psʲɪs]

Note on сепсис: The pronunciation features a soft 's' sound (palatalized), which is common in Russian. Be careful with the stress on the first syllable, as misplacing it can alter perceived clarity in medical discussions.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A life-threatening condition caused by the body's overwhelming response to infection.

Translation(s) & Context:

• сепсис - Used in formal medical contexts, such as hospital reports or scientific discussions, to describe systemic infection leading to organ failure.

Usage Examples:

• Пациент был госпитализирован с сепсисом, вызванным бактериальной инфекцией.

  Translation: The patient was hospitalized with sepsis caused by a bacterial infection.

• Сепсис развивается быстро и требует немедленного медицинского вмешательства.

  Translation: Sepsis develops quickly and requires immediate medical intervention.

• Врачи диагностировали сепсис у ребенка после операции.

  Translation: Doctors diagnosed sepsis in the child after surgery.

• Профилактика сепсиса включает строгую гигиену в больницах.

  Translation: Prevention of sepsis includes strict hygiene in hospitals.

• Сепсис может быть фатальным, если не лечить его антибиотиками.

  Translation: Sepsis can be fatal if not treated with antibiotics.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Сепсис" is a masculine noun (мужской род) borrowed from Greek via English, and it follows standard Russian declension patterns for foreign words ending in a consonant. It is not highly inflected but changes based on case and number.

Note: As a medical term, it is often used in its nominative form and does not vary much in everyday Russian due to its technical nature.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • кровяная инфекция (blood infection; less specific, used in broader contexts)
  • септицемия (septicemia; sometimes used interchangeably, but септицемия refers more to blood poisoning)
• Antonyms:
  • здоровье (health; a general opposite in medical contexts)
  • выздоровление (recovery; implies the opposite state)

Explanation: Synonyms like "кровяная инфекция" are more descriptive and may be used in non-technical discussions, but they lack the precision of "сепсис".

Related Phrases:

• острый сепсис - Acute sepsis; Refers to a severe, sudden onset of the condition.
• сепсис новорождённых - Neonatal sepsis; Used for infections in newborns, highlighting pediatric contexts.
• лечение сепсиса - Treatment of sepsis; Common in medical guidelines.

Usage Notes:

"Сепсис" is a direct loanword from English/Greek origins and is primarily used in formal, professional settings like hospitals or medical literature. It corresponds exactly to the English "sepsis" in meaning, but English speakers should note that Russian medical terminology often integrates international words with Russian grammar rules. For instance, always use it with appropriate case endings in sentences. When choosing between synonyms, opt for "сепсис" in precise medical contexts to avoid ambiguity. Be aware of its domain-specific use; it's not appropriate for casual conversation.

• In sentences, it often pairs with verbs like "развиваться" (to develop) or "диагностировать" (to diagnose).
• Grammar note: As a masculine noun, it takes masculine adjectives, e.g., "тяжёлый сепсис" (severe sepsis).

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse "сепсис" with "инфекция" (infection), using the latter too broadly. For example:

• Incorrect: "У меня инфекция" (meaning sepsis) - This is too vague and doesn't specify the severity.
• Correct: "У меня сепсис" - Use this for the specific condition to ensure accuracy.
• Another error is mispronouncing the word by not palatalizing the 's' sound, saying [ˈsep.sɪs] instead of [ˈsʲe.psʲɪs], which can make it sound unnatural to native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

"Сепсис" as a term doesn't carry unique cultural connotations in Russian society, but it reflects the global influence on medical language. In Russia, awareness of sepsis has increased due to public health campaigns, emphasizing the importance of prompt treatment in healthcare systems influenced by Soviet and modern practices.

Related Concepts:

• инфекция
• бактериемия
• воспаление
• антибиотики