Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sandstone'

English Word: sandstone

Key Russian Translations:

• песчаник /pʲɪsˈt͡ɕanʲɪk/ - [Formal, Scientific context]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in geological, academic, or technical discussions; not common in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B1-B2 on CEFR scale; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and scientific vocabulary.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

песчаник: /pʲɪsˈt͡ɕanʲɪk/

Note on песчаник: The pronunciation features a palatalized 'с' sound (/sʲ/), which can be challenging for English speakers; it sounds similar to the 's' in "measure" but softer. Stress is on the second syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized mineral particles, often used in construction or geology.

Translation(s) & Context:

• песчаник - Typically used in formal scientific, geological, or educational contexts to describe this type of rock.

Usage Examples:

• В горах мы нашли образцы песчаника, который образовался миллионы лет назад.

  In the mountains, we found samples of sandstone that formed millions of years ago.

• Песчаник часто используется в строительстве зданий благодаря своей прочности.

  Sandstone is often used in building construction due to its durability.

• Геологи изучают слои песчаника, чтобы понять историю Земли.

  Geologists study layers of sandstone to understand Earth's history.

• Этот памятник сделан из песчаника, что делает его уязвимым к эрозии.

  This monument is made of sandstone, making it vulnerable to erosion.

• В музее выставлены экспонаты песчаника из разных регионов России.

  In the museum, there are exhibits of sandstone from various regions of Russia.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

песчаник is a masculine noun in the third declension group in Russian. It follows standard patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant, with changes based on case and number. It is not irregular but requires attention to case endings for proper agreement in sentences.

Note: As a inanimate noun, the accusative singular form matches the nominative.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: кварцит (quartzite) - Often used interchangeably in geological contexts, but quartzite is more metamorphic; песок (sand) - Refers to loose sand particles, not the consolidated rock.
• Antonyms: Not directly applicable, as this is a specific geological term; however, contrast with твердые породы (hard rocks) like гранит (granite).

Related Phrases:

• осадочные породы песчаника - Sedimentary rocks of sandstone; Refers to geological formations.
• эрозия песчаника - Erosion of sandstone; Common in discussions of natural wear.
• добыча песчаника - Sandstone mining; Used in industrial or environmental contexts.

Usage Notes:

песчаник directly corresponds to "sandstone" in English and is the standard term in Russian scientific literature. It is typically used in formal or technical settings, such as geology classes or reports, and should be inflected according to Russian case rules for proper sentence structure (e.g., use genitive for possession: "образец песчаника"). When choosing between synonyms like кварцит, consider the specific rock composition—песчаник is for sand-based rocks. Avoid using it in casual conversation, as it may sound overly technical.

Common Errors:

• Confusing песчаник with песок: English learners often mistake "sandstone" for just "sand," leading to incorrect usage like saying "песок" for a rock formation. Correct: Use песчаник for the consolidated rock; Error example: "Я нашел песок в горах" (incorrect for rock); Correct example: "Я нашел песчаник в горах."
• Incorrect inflection: Forgetting to change the ending in different cases, e.g., using nominative in genitive contexts. Error example: "Образец песчаник" (wrong); Correct example: "Образец песчаника" (genitive). This can make sentences grammatically incorrect.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, песчаник is often associated with the country's vast geological diversity, such as the sandstone formations in the Ural Mountains or Siberia. It symbolizes the enduring natural landscape in Russian literature and art, reflecting themes of resilience and history, as seen in works by geologists like Alexander von Humboldt's influences on Russian science.

Related Concepts:

• гранит (granite)
• известняк (limestone)
• кварцит (quartzite)