Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'round'

English Word: round

Key Russian Translations:

• круглый [ˈkruɡlɨj] - [Adjective, Formal, Singular]
• раунд [raʊnd] - [Noun, Informal, Used in sports or games]
• округлять [ɐˈkruɡlʲɪtʲ] - [Verb, Formal, Infinitive form]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday contexts, especially in sports, mathematics, and descriptions, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary like "house").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for most translations; for "круглый," it may vary to A2 (Beginner) in simple descriptive contexts, while verb forms like "округлять" could reach B2 due to conjugation complexities.

Pronunciation (Russian):

круглый: [ˈkruɡlɨj]

раунд: [raʊnd] (note the borrowed pronunciation from English, with a softer Russian influence in casual speech).

округлять: [ɐˈkruɡlʲɪtʲ] (emphasize the palatalized 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers).

Note on округлять: The 'лʲ' sound is a soft 'l', often pronounced with the tongue closer to the palate; variations may occur in dialects, making it softer in southern Russian accents.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Round as an adjective describing shape (e.g., circular or curved).

Translation(s) & Context:

• круглый - Used in formal or descriptive contexts, such as geometry, objects, or everyday descriptions; common in written and spoken Russian.

Usage Examples:

• Круглый стол стоит в центре комнаты. (A round table stands in the center of the room.)

  Translation: The round table is in the center of the room. (This example shows the adjective in a simple nominative context.)

• Эта монета круглая и блестящая. (This coin is round and shiny.)

  Translation: This coin is round and shiny. (Demonstrates agreement with a feminine noun in Russian.)

• В парке растут круглые камни. (In the park, there are round stones growing.) [Note: This is a metaphorical use, but typically for literal descriptions.]

  Translation: In the park, there are round stones. (Illustrates plural form in a natural setting.)

• Круглый объект привлек наше внимание. (The round object caught our attention.)

  Translation: The round object caught our attention. (Shows use in more abstract or scientific contexts.)

Meaning 2: Round as a noun referring to a stage, session, or cycle (e.g., in games, competitions, or drinks).

Translation(s) & Context:

• раунд - Informal, borrowed term; used in sports, boxing, or social settings like "a round of applause"; prevalent in modern Russian media.

Usage Examples:

• В первом раунде соревнования команда победила. (In the first round of the competition, the team won.)

  Translation: In the first round of the competition, the team won. (This highlights its use in sports contexts.)

• Давайте пропустим ещё один раунд пива. (Let's have another round of beer.)

  Translation: Let's have another round of beer. (Demonstrates informal social usage.)

• Раунд переговоров закончился без результата. (The round of negotiations ended without results.)

  Translation: The round of negotiations ended without results. (Shows application in business or diplomatic settings.)

• В финальном раунде участники показали лучшие результаты. (In the final round, participants showed their best results.)

  Translation: In the final round, participants showed their best results. (Emphasizes sequential or competitive structure.)

Meaning 3: Round as a verb meaning to make round or approximate (e.g., rounding numbers).

Translation(s) & Context:

• округлять - Formal verb; used in mathematical, technical, or precise contexts; requires conjugation based on tense and subject.

Usage Examples:

• Он округляет числа для упрощения расчётов. (He rounds numbers to simplify calculations.)

  Translation: He rounds numbers to simplify calculations. (Basic present tense usage.)

• В отчёте мы должны округлять суммы до целых. (In the report, we need to round the amounts to whole numbers.)

  Translation: In the report, we need to round the amounts to whole numbers. (Imperative or instructional context.)

• Округлять углы изделия помогает в дизайне. (Rounding the edges of the product helps in design.)

  Translation: Rounding the edges of the product helps in design. (Literal shaping in manufacturing.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "круглый" (adjective), it follows standard Russian adjective declension patterns, changing based on gender, number, and case. It is a regular adjective.

Case	Singular Masculine	Singular Feminine	Singular Neuter	Plural
Nominative	круглый	круглая	круглое	круглые
Genitive	круглого	круглой	круглого	круглых

For "раунд" (noun), it is a masculine noun and typically does not inflect irregularly; it remains unchanged in most cases but follows basic patterns: Nominative: раунд; Genitive: раунда.

For "округлять" (verb), it is a first-conjugation verb. Example conjugation in present tense:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	округляю	округляем
2nd	округляешь	округляете
3rd	округляет	округляют

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • овальный (ovalny) - Similar to round but specifically oval-shaped; used for elongated circles.
  • кругообразный (krugobrazny) - For "round" in a more abstract or descriptive sense.
• Antonyms:
  • квадратный (kvadratny) - Square-shaped, contrasting with circular forms.
  • угловатый (uglovaty) - Angular or pointed, emphasizing non-roundness.

Related Phrases:

• Круглый год - Meaning: All year round; used for ongoing activities.
• Раунд аплодисментов - Meaning: A round of applause; common in performance contexts.
• Округлять в большую сторону - Meaning: To round up (e.g., numbers); often in financial or mathematical discussions.

Usage Notes:

"Round" as "круглый" directly corresponds to English in descriptive contexts but must agree in gender, number, and case in Russian sentences. For "раунд," it's a loanword best used in informal or modern settings; avoid in formal literary Russian. When choosing between translations, opt for "округлять" for verbs involving approximation, as it captures the action more precisely than simple adjectives. Be mindful of context: in sports, "раунд" is idiomatic, while in math, "округлять" is standard.

Common Errors:

• English learners often misuse case agreement with "круглый," e.g., saying "круглый столa" instead of "круглого стола" in genitive case. Correct: Use proper declension to match the noun's case.
• For "раунд," beginners might pluralize it incorrectly as "раунды," which is right, but they forget it's invariant in some contexts; error example: "В раунда" (wrong) vs. "В раунде" (correct in locative case).
• With "округлять," confusing it with "окружать" (to surround); error: Using "округлять" for surrounding objects, which should be "окружать." Explanation: Check verb roots for precise meaning.

Cultural Notes:

The term "раунд" in Russian contexts, especially in sports like boxing or tournaments, reflects Western influences due to globalization, such as from English-speaking media. In traditional Russian culture, circular shapes like "круглый" often symbolize completeness or unity, as seen in folk art or dances, adding a layer of cultural depth beyond literal meanings.

Related Concepts:

• круг (krug) - Circle
• форма (forma) - Shape
• соревнование (sorevnovanie) - Competition