Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'rabies'

English Word: rabies

Key Russian Translations:

• бешенство /bʲɪˈʂɛnstvə/ - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Medium (This term is not everyday vocabulary but is commonly encountered in medical, veterinary, or health-related discussions.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; learners at this level should understand it in context, but mastering its inflections requires familiarity with Russian noun declensions.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

бешенство: /bʲɪˈʂɛnstvə/

Note on бешенство: The "ш" sound is a voiceless postalveolar fricative, similar to the "sh" in "sheep," but ensure the palatalized "бʲ" is soft, as in many Russian words. Pronunciation may vary slightly by region, with a more emphatic stress on the second syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The viral disease affecting animals and humans, causing inflammation of the brain.

Translation(s) & Context:

• бешенство - Used in formal medical or scientific contexts to describe the disease transmitted through animal bites, emphasizing its neurological effects.

Usage Examples:

• Вакцина от бешенства обязательна для собак в сельской местности.

  Vaccination against rabies is mandatory for dogs in rural areas.

• Бешенство передаётся через укус инфицированного животного, такого как лиса или летучая мышь.

  Rabies is transmitted through the bite of an infected animal, such as a fox or bat.

• Симптомы бешенства включают лихорадку, агрессию и судороги у людей.

  Symptoms of rabies include fever, aggression, and seizures in humans.

• Врачи рекомендуют немедленное лечение при подозрении на бешенство после контакта с дикими животными.

  Doctors recommend immediate treatment if rabies is suspected after contact with wild animals.

• Глобальные кампании по борьбе с бешенством спасли тысячи жизней в развивающихся странах.

  Global campaigns against rabies have saved thousands of lives in developing countries.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

бешенство is a neuter noun in Russian, which follows the standard third declension pattern. It is inflected based on case, number, and gender. As a neuter noun ending in -о, it has regular declensions. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: гидрофобия (/ɡʲɪdrɐˈfoβʲɪjə/) - Often used interchangeably in medical contexts, emphasizing fear of water as a symptom; чума (/ˈt͡ɕumə/) - More general for plagues, but less specific.
• Antonyms: здоровье (/zdrɐˈvʲot͡ɕe/) - Health, as it represents the opposite state of well-being.

Related Phrases:

• Вакцина от бешенства - Vaccine against rabies; This phrase is used in health advisories to prevent the disease.
• Профилактика бешенства - Rabies prevention; Common in veterinary and public health discussions.
• Бешенство животных - Animal rabies; Refers specifically to cases in wildlife or pets.

Usage Notes:

бешенство directly corresponds to the English "rabies" as a medical term, but it is primarily used in formal or professional contexts rather than casual conversation. English speakers should note that Russian often requires the noun to be inflected based on its role in the sentence (e.g., genitive for possession). When choosing translations, stick with бешенство for precision in health-related topics; avoid synonyms like гидрофобия unless discussing specific symptoms. Be aware of gender agreements in sentences, as it affects adjectives and verbs.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the word without proper inflection, e.g., saying "от бешенство" instead of "от бешенства" (genitive case). Correct: "от бешенства" - This mistake arises from not recognizing case requirements in Russian noun phrases.
• Error: Confusing it with similar-sounding words like "бешено" (madly or furiously, an adverb). Correct: Use бешенство only for the disease context to avoid semantic errors.
• Error: Overgeneralizing to mean any animal aggression, e.g., "Собака бешенство" instead of "У собаки бешенство." Correct: Always use the appropriate case, like genitive in this structure, and ensure it's tied to medical descriptions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, бешенство has been a significant public health concern, especially in rural areas with high wildlife populations. It appears in folklore and literature as a symbol of untamed nature or sudden madness, such as in stories involving wolves or stray dogs. This reflects broader themes in Russian narratives about humanity's struggle against the wilderness, emphasizing the importance of vaccination campaigns in modern society.

Related Concepts:

• вирус
• инфекция
• вакцинация