Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pollination'

English Word: pollination

Key Russian Translations:

• Опыление /ɐ.pɨˈlʲenʲɪ.jə/ - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, agricultural, and biological contexts, but not in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires familiarity with scientific terminology and basic Russian grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Опыление: /ɐ.pɨˈlʲenʲɪ.jə/

Note on Опыление: The stress is on the third syllable ('lʲenʲ'). Pay attention to the soft 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers due to its palatalization.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The process of transferring pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma, enabling fertilization in plants.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Опыление - Used in formal scientific, botanical, or agricultural discussions to describe the biological process.

Usage Examples:

• Пчёлы играют ключевую роль в опылении цветов.

  Bees play a key role in the pollination of flowers.

• В сельском хозяйстве искусственное опыление используется для повышения урожайности.

  In agriculture, artificial pollination is used to increase crop yields.

• Опыление растений зависит от ветра или насекомых в естественной среде.

  Pollination of plants depends on wind or insects in natural environments.

• Без опыления многие виды фруктов не смогли бы развиваться.

  Without pollination, many types of fruits would not be able to develop.

• Учёные изучают опыление как часть экосистемы.

  Scientists study pollination as part of the ecosystem.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Опыление" is a neuter noun in Russian, which means it follows standard neuter declension patterns. It is a third-declension noun and does not have irregularities. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The plural form is less commonly used but applies in contexts discussing multiple instances of pollination processes.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Фертилизация (Fertilizatsiya) - More general term for fertilization, often used interchangeably in broader biological contexts.
  • Цветоопыление (Tsvetoopyleniye) - Specifically for flower-related pollination, with a slight emphasis on floral aspects.
• Antonyms:
  • Бесплодие (Besplodie) - Infertility or sterility, implying the absence of reproductive processes.

Related Phrases:

• Искусственное опыление - Artificial pollination; Used in controlled agricultural settings to enhance production.
• Естественное опыление - Natural pollination; Refers to pollination occurring without human intervention, via wind or insects.
• Опылители насекомых - Pollinating insects; Common phrase for insects that facilitate the process.

Usage Notes:

"Опыление" directly corresponds to the English "pollination" in scientific and biological contexts, but it is primarily used in formal or technical writing rather than casual conversation. English learners should note that Russian often requires the appropriate case for the noun based on its role in the sentence (e.g., genitive for possession). When choosing between synonyms like "фертилизация," opt for "опыление" if the focus is specifically on pollen transfer. Be mindful of word order in Russian sentences, which can differ from English for emphasis.

Common Errors:

• Confusing the case endings: Learners might incorrectly use the nominative "Опыление" in all contexts. For example, saying "Растения нуждаются опыление" (incorrect) instead of "Растения нуждаются в опылении" (correct, dative case). Explanation: Russian requires prepositional phrases to adjust noun cases for grammatical accuracy.

• Overgeneralizing the term: Mistaking "опыление" for any fertilization process, leading to phrases like "Опыление яйцеклетки" (incorrect for human biology). Correct usage: Reserve it for plant-related contexts; use "фертилизация" for broader applications.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and science, "опыление" is often discussed in the context of environmental conservation, as Russia has vast natural landscapes where pollination by bees and other insects is crucial for biodiversity. This ties into broader themes of ecological awareness, especially in regions like Siberia, where traditional beekeeping practices support pollination and agriculture.

Related Concepts:

• Фотосинтез (Photosynthesis)
• Экосистема (Ecosystem)
• Биоразнообразие (Biodiversity)